1. Sex Education
Mr. Darling

2. Male Reproduction
Puberty – the stage of growth and development when the body becomes capable of producing offspring
Male’s pituitary gland increases it production of LH, hormone that travels through bloodstream to testes, causing it to secrete Testosterone
Testosterone – hormone that produces male secondary sex characteristics
Physical and emotional changes that occur during puberty (ages 12-15)

3. Male Reproductive System

4. Male Reproductive System
Consists of organs in the male body that are involved in producing offspring
External Organs:
Penis: Male sex organ used for reproduction and urination
Scrotum: A sac-like pouch that holds the testes and helps regulate their temperature
Hangs lower then the body so sperm can be produced
Testes: Male reproductive glands that produce sperm cells and testosterone
Sperm: Male reproductive cells

5. Male Reproduction System
Internal Male Reproductive Organs:
Testes
Seminiferous Tubules
Epididymis
Vas Deferens
Seminal Vesicles
Ejaculatory Duct
Prostate Gland
Cowper’s Glands
Urethra

6. Sperm Production
Seminiferous Tubules – network of coiled tubules in which sperm are produced
Spermatogenesis – Process by which sperm are produced
After sperm are produced in the seminiferous tubules, they move to the epididymis
Epididymis – comma-shaped structure along the upper rear surface of the testes where sperm mature
Some sperm are stored here
Most move to the vas deferens after they mature

7. Male Reproduction System
Vas Deferens – two long, thin tubes that act as a passageway for sperm and a place for sperm storage
Extend from the epididymis and the scrotum up into the abdomen
The walls are lines with cilia, which help transport sperm when the walls are contracting
Form part of the ejaculatory duct with the seminal vesicles

8. Male Reproduction
Seminal Vesicles – 2 small glands that secrete a fluid rich in sugar that nourishes sperm and helps them move
Ejaculatory Duct – short, straight tube that passes into the prostate gland and opens into the urethra
Urethra – serves as a passageway for sperm and urine to leave the body

9. Male Reproduction
Prostate Gland – a gland that produces a fluid that helps keep sperm alive
Located beneath the bladder and surrounds the urethra
Necessary for fertilization to keep sperm alive
Cowper’s Glands – located beneath the prostate gland
Two small glands that secrete a clear, lubrication fluid into the urethra

10. Male Reproduction
Erection – process that occurs when the penis swells with blood and elongates
may be accompanied by an ejaculation
Ejaculation – the passage of semen from the penis and is a result of a series of muscular contractions
Semen – the fluid that contains the sperm and fluids from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper’s glands

11. Male Reproductive Health
Circumcision – the surgical removal of the foreskin from the penis
Foreskin – skin covering the end of the penis
Usually performed on the second day after birth
May reduce the risk of urinary infections and cancer of the penis
Smegma – substance that forms under the foreskin consisting of dead skin and other fluids

12. Inguinal Hernia
The testes pass from the abdomen into the scrotum through the inguinal canal during he 7th month of pregnancy, which then closes
Inguinal hernia – a hernia in which some of the intestine pushes through the inguinal canal into the scrotum
Can be painful; can be repaired surgically

13. Male Reproductive Health
Rectal Examination – rectum an internal reproductive organs are examined for irregularities
Recommended for males over 40 regularly
Testicular Examination – screening procedure for testicular cancer
High rate of cure if detected early
Should begin at early age

14. Female Reproductive System
Consists of organs in the female body that are involved in producing offspring
External Female Reproductive Organs: Vulva
Mons Veneris
Labia Majora
Labia Minora
Clitoris
Hymen

15. Female Reproduction
Mons Veneris – the fatty tissue that covers the front of the pubic bone and serves as protection for internal reproductive organs
Labia Majora – heavy folds of skin that surround the opening of the vagina

16. External Female Reproductive Organs
Labia Minora – Two smaller folds of skin located within the labia majora
The clitoris and the opening of the urethra and the vagina are located within the labia minora
Clitoris – small, highly sensitive structure located above the opening of the urethra
Richly supplied with blood vessels and nerve endings
Hymen – A thin membrane that stretches across the opening of the vagina

17. Internal Female Reproductive Organs
Ovaries
Fallopian Tubes
Uterus
Vagina

18. Internal Female Reproductive Organs
Ovaries – female reproductive glands that produce ova and estrogen
Females born with between 200,000 and 400,000 immature ova in the ovaries – about 375 of these ova will mature and be released in a female’s lifetime
Ova begin to develop during puberty (each contained in follicle)
Ovum matured and released every month from its follicle during the menstrual cycle
Ovulation – the release of a mature ovum from one of the ovaries

19. Internal Female Reproductive Organs
When an ovum is released from an ovary, it enters one of the fallopian tubes
Fallopian Tube – a tube four inches long that connects an ovary to the uterus
Females have 2 fallopian tubes: one connected to each ovary
A mature ovum moves through a fallopian tube to the uterus during the menstrual cycle
Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes
An ovum that is not fertilized disintegrates in the uterus or leaves the body during menstrual flow
Uterus – muscular organ that receives and supports the fertilized egg during pregnancy and contracts during childbirth to help with delivery

20. Internal Female Reproductive Organs
Cervix – the lowest part of the uterus and connects the uterus to the vagina
Vagina – Muscular tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body
The Vagina serves as:
The female organ for sexual intercourse
The birth canal
The passageway for the menstrual flow

21. Female Reproductive Health
Pap Smear- Yearly examination of the cervix by an OB-GYN (starting at age 18 or the start of sexual intercourse)
Gardasil- Vaccine that may help guard against diseases that are caused by HPV, which include cervical cancer, cervical abnormalities and genital warts. (3 injections over 6 months)
Mammograms- x-rays of the breast tissue to detect pre-cancerous or cancerous cells (yearly starting at 40; Self-examinations monthly after a woman’s period.)