1. Cyber Crime and Technology
Chapter Fifteen
Cyber Crime and Technology

2. Cyber Crime Innovation has created new opportunities to commit crime
Technological revolution has provided new tools to misappropriate funds, damage property, and sell illicit material
Ultimately created cyber crime which is a new breed of offenses that can be singular or ongoing
Usually involves theft and/or destruction of information, resources, or funds utilizing computers, networks and the Internet

3. Challenge to the Criminal Justice System
Rapidly evolving with new schemes being created daily
It is difficult to detect through traditional law enforcement channels
Its control demands that agents of the system develop technical skills that match those of the perpetrators

4. Types of Cyber Crime
Cyber Theft
Cyber Vandalism
Cyber Terrorism

5. Cyber Theft
Use of cyberspace to either distribute illegal goods and services or to defraud people for quick profits
Examples
Computer fraud
Distributing illegal sexual material
Denial of service attack
Illegal copyright infringement
Internet securities fraud
Identity theft
Etailing fraud

6. Cyber Vandalism
Use of cyberspace for revenge, destruction, and to achieve malicious intent
Examples
Worms, viruses, Trojan horses, logic bombs, spam
Website defacement
Cyber stalking
Cyber bullying
Cyber spying

7. Cyber Terrorism
An effort by covert forces to disrupt the intersection where the virtual electronic reality of computers meets the physical world
Examples
Logic bombs used to destroy networks and systems
Communicate covertly around the world
Why?
An attack can strike directly at an economic target
No Borders of legal control
No need to infiltrate enemy territory, no loss of life
Growing number of highly skilled computer experts
Funds terrorist activities

8. The Extent and Costs of Cyber Crime
Internet is a vast engine for illegal profits and criminal enterprises
Will never have an accurate account of all cyber crime
But, the incidence is growing tremendously
Thousands of breaches each year
Losses of billions of dollars
The U.S. is not alone in cyber crime

9. Controlling Cyber Crime
There is a new need for laws and enforcement processes specifically aimed at controlling cyber crime and its cost to the economy
Continually need new federal and state laws
Also need international treaties
Specific cyber crime enforcement agencies
Local law enforcement efforts

10. Information Technology in Criminal Justice
Criminal justice agencies are now using modern technology to increase their effectiveness
A lot of federal grant money has been invested in all types of law enforcement agencies

11. Information Technology, Crime, and Civil Liberties
Advancements in information technology techniques helps the effectiveness and efficiency of criminal justice agencies
Many people argue that this compromises the privacy and liberty of U.S. citizens who have not engaged in illegal activity
ACLU is wary of “Big Brother”

12. New Technology and Civil Liberties
Biometric identification
Linking surveillance information to data processing and storage systems
As the threat of cyber crime grows, individuals may be willing to tolerate invasions of property