1. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Coulomb Scattering
Elastic or inelastic.
Elastic  Rutherford scattering.
At any distance:
V = 0
Ta = ½mvo2
l = mvob
vmin vo
rmin b d
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).
No dependence on 

2. Coulomb Scattering Closest approach “d”. E = ECoulomb  d = 2kZe2/E
What about the recoil nucleus?
HW 9 Show that
where mN : mass of the nucleus
m : mass of alpha
What are the values of d for 10, 20, 30 and 40 MeV  on Au?
How does this explain … ?
Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, Second Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

3. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Coulomb Scattering
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

4. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Coulomb Scattering
b  
< b  > 
db  d
n  target nuclei / cm3
x  target thickness (thin).
nx  target nuclei / cm2
HW 10
Show that
and hence b
Rutherford cross section
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

5. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Coulomb Scattering
Study Fig (a,b,c,d)
in Krane
See also Fig in Krane.
HW 11
Show that the fraction of incident alpha particles scattered at backward angles from a 2 m gold foil is 7.48x10-5.
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

6. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Coulomb Scattering
RBS – Channeling.
Ion implantation.
Occupational or substitutional impurities.
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

7. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Coulomb Scattering
Elastic  Rutherford scattering.
Inelastic  Coulomb excitation.
See the corresponding alpha spectrum of Fig in Krane.
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

8. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Coulomb Scattering
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

9. Principles of Spectrometry
Interaction of heavy charged particles
Electronic or nuclear (Rutherford, nuclear reactions, …)
or radiative (Bremsstrahlung). ?
Al in Al
Excitation Ionization ion-pair, suppress recombination in detectors.
Energy loss
SRIM
Depletion layer.
Delta rays and secondary electrons.
Electron suppression for charge integration in accelerators.
Faraday Cup.
Tracks.
Detectors mainly designed to make use of electronic interactions.
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

10. Principles of Spectrometry
Stopping power Bethe-Bloch formula
~1/E
~1/E
Minimum ionizing particles (mip).
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

11. Principles of Spectrometry
Units
(conversion)
You will encounter this when you run SRIM
eV / Å
keV / m
MeV / mm
keV / (g/cm2)
MeV / (mg/cm2)
keV / (mg/cm2)
eV / (1x1015 atoms/cm2)
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

12. Principles of Spectrometry
What about fission fragments?????
Energy loss is a stochastic process, thus energy straggling.
Accelerated beam
~1/E
Electron pick-up.
Target
Bragg curve
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).

13. Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).
Hadrontherapy
Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, (Saed Dababneh).