2. Industrial Revolution Source for Raw Materials Markets for Finished Goods European Nationalism Missionary Activity Military & Naval Bases European Motives For Colonization Places to Dump Unwanted/ Excess Popul. Soc. & Eco. Opportunities Humanitarian Reasons European Racism “White Man’s Burden” Social Darwinism

3. Africa 1890

4. Africa in 1914

6. The Struggle for South Africa

7. Dutch Landing in 1652 Dutch=people from Netherlands in Europe Set up a trade station: -Mild weather (like in Europe) -Good for refueling/trade -Brought slaves

8. Groups in South Africa Afrikaners- descendants of Europeans (Dutch, French & Germans) (1700s) Boers – Afrikaner frontier farmers (1700s) Native Africans – tribes! British (early 1800s)

9. Boers Clash With the Xhosa Tribes Boer Farmer

10. Diamond Mines Raw Diamonds Lured the British – so did gold

11. Shaka Zulu (1785 – 1828) British defeat Zulu once and for all in 1902

12. Boer-British Tensions Increase  1877 – Britain annexed the Transvaal (Boer area).  1883 – Boers fought British in the Transvaal and regained its independence..  1880s – Gold discovered in the Transvaal

13. The Boer War: 1899 - 1900 The Boers The British Dutch farmers lose to Brits; Brits gain power over region at turn of century (this will lead to Apartheid) No real farm land, need to settle for land (found while exploring)

14. Cecil Rhodes (1853-1902) “The Colossus of Rhodes”