1. Anatomy and Physiology for Emergency Care
Chapter 13
The Heart

2. Objectives Describe the location and general features of the heart
Trace the flow of blood through the heart, identifying the major blood vessels, chambers, and heart valves
Identify the layers of the heart wall
Describe the differences in the action potentials and twitch contractions of skeletal muscle fibers and cardiac muscle cells

3. Objectives
Describe the components and functions of the conducting system of the heart
Explain the events of the cardiac cycle, and relate the heart sounds to specific events in the cycle
Define stroke volume and cardiac output, and describe the factors that influence these values

4. The Heart and the Circulatory System

5. The Anatomy and Organization of the Heart
Surface Anatomy of the Heart

6. The Anatomy and Organization of the Heart
Internal Anatomy and Organization
Structural Differences Between the Left and Right Ventricles
The Heart Valves
Atrioventricular valves
Semilunar valves

7. Sectional Anatomy of the Heart

8. The Heart Valves

9. The Anatomy and Organization of the Heart
The Heart Wall
Cardiac Muscle Cells
Fibrous Skeleton

10. The Anatomy and Organization of the Heart
Blood Supply to the Heart

11. The Heartbeat Contractile Cells The Conducting System Nodal Cells
Conducting Cells

12. The Heartbeat
The electrocardiogram

13. The Heartbeat
The Cardiac Cycle
Heart Sounds

14. Heart Dynamics Factors Controlling Cardiac Output
Blood Volume Reflexes
Autonomic Innervation
Autonomic Effects on the Heart
Autonomic Effects on Stroke Volume
The effects of NE and E
The effects of Ach
Coordination of Autonomic Activity

15. Summary

16. Emergency Care Applications
Chapter 13

17. Coronary Artery Disease

18. Acute Coronary Syndrome

19. Acute Coronary Syndrome
Reperfusion
Revascularization

20. Defibrillation

21. Blunt Myocardial Injury
Commotio Cordis (Myocardial Contusion)

22. Summary