1. Coordination and Acceleration of Standards for Smart Grid –
Status of PAP 7 and DRGS DEWG
Allen Hefner
NIST Smart Grid Team
National Institute of Standards and Technology
U.S. Department of Commerce

2. Smart Grid – U.S. National Priority
“We’ll fund a better, smarter electricity grid and train workers to build it…” President Barack Obama
“To meet the energy challenge and create a 21st century energy economy, we need a 21st century electric grid…” Secretary of Energy Steven Chu
“A smart electricity grid will revolutionize the way we use energy, but we need standards …” Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke
Congressional Priority: EISA 2007, ARRA, oversight, new bills …
Administration Policy development: 

3. Energy Independence and Security Act (2007)
The NIST Role
Energy Independence and Security Act (2007)
In cooperation with the DoE, NEMA, IEEE, GWAC, and other stakeholders, NIST has “primary responsibility to coordinate development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of smart grid devices and systems…”

4. Conformity Framework (includes Testing and Certification)
NIST Plan for Smart Grid Interoperability
PHASE 1
Identify an initial set of existing consensus standards and develop a roadmap to fill gaps
PHASE 2
Establish Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) public-private forum with governance for ongoing efforts
NIST role
PHASE 3
Conformity Framework (includes Testing and Certification)
Summer 2009 workshops
NIST Interoperability
Framework 1.0 Draft
Released Sept 2009
NIST Interoperability
Framework 1.0 Final Released Jan 2010
SGIP established Nov 2009
NIST Interoperability
Framework 2.0 Soon…
2009
2010
2011

5. NIST Framework and Roadmap
Final version 1.0 January 2010
Public comments on draft reviewed and addressed
Smart Grid Vision / Model
75 key standards identified
IEC, IEEE, …
Priority Action Plans to fill gaps (some completed, new)
“Guidelines for Smart Grid Cyber Security” NISTIR 7628, published in September 2010
Release 2 revision is underway, with Smart Grid Interoperability Panel involvement
Conceptual Model

6. NIST Smart Grid Architecture Model

7. Distributed Energy Resource Domain

8. Conformity Framework (includes Testing and Certification)
NIST Plan for Smart Grid Interoperability
PHASE 1
Identify an initial set of existing consensus standards and develop a roadmap to fill gaps
PHASE 2
Establish Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) public-private forum with governance for ongoing efforts
NIST role
PHASE 3
Conformity Framework (includes Testing and Certification)
Summer 2009 workshops
NIST Interoperability
Framework 1.0 Draft
Released Sept 2009
NIST Interoperability
Framework 1.0 Final Released Jan 2010
SGIP established Nov 2009
NIST Interoperability
Framework 2.0 Soon…
2009
2010
2011

9. NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Panel
Public-private partnership created in Nov. 2009
Over 660 member organizations, 1700 participants
Open, public process with international participation
Coordinates standards development
Identifies Requirements
Prioritizes standards development programs
Works with over 20 SDOs including IEC, ISO, ITU, IEEE, …
Web-based participation
SGIP Twiki: 9

10. SGIP Organization Governing Board SGIP Officers NIST
SGIP Administrator
Standing Committees &
Working Groups
Test & Certification
Committee
(SGTCC)
Architecture
(SGAC)
Cyber Security
Working Group
(CSWG)
Priority Action Plan Teams
PAP 1
PAP 2
PAP 3
PAP 4
PAP …
PAP 17
Domain Expert Working Groups
BnP
H2G
B2G
Coordination Functions
Program
Mgmt
Office
(PMO)
Comm.
Marketing
Education
(CME)
Bylaws &
Operating
Procedures
(BOP)
TnD
I2G
PEV2G
DRGS
Electromagnetic Interoperability
SGIP Membership 10

11. SGIP Organization Governing Board SGIP Officers NIST
PAP 7
SGIP Administrator
Standing Committees &
Working Groups
Test & Certification
Committee
(SGTCC)
Architecture
(SGAC)
Cyber Security
Working Group
(CSWG)
Priority Action Plan Teams
PAP 1
PAP 2
PAP 3
PAP 4
PAP …
PAP 17
Domain Expert Working Groups
BnP
H2G
B2G
PEV2G
Coordination Functions
Program
Mgmt
Office
(PMO)
Comm.
Marketing
Education
(CME)
Bylaws &
Operating
Procedures
(BOP)
TnD
I2G
DRGS
Electromagnetic Interoperability
SGIP Membership 11

12. PAPs - Filling Gaps in the Standards#
Priority Action Plan
Meter Upgradeability Standard 9
Standard DR and DER Signals 1
Role of IP in the Smart Grid 10
Standard Energy Usage Information 2
Wireless Communication for the Smart Grid 11
Common Object Models for Electric Transportation 3
Common Price Communication Model 12
IEC Objects/DNP3 Mapping 4
Common Scheduling Mechanism 13
Time Synchronization, IEC Objects/ IEEE C Harmonization 5
Standard Meter Data Profiles 14
Transmission and Distribution Power Systems Model Mapping 6
Common Semantic Model for Meter Data tables 15
Harmonize Power Line Carrier Standards for Appliance Communications in the Home 7
Electric Storage / DER Interconnection and Object Model Standards 16
Wind Plant Communications 8
CIM for Distribution Grid Management 17
Facility Smart Grid Information 18
SEP 1.x to SEP 2.0 Transition and Coexistence 12

13. PAP 7: Smart Grid ES-DER Standards
SG Standards Need
Interconnection and object model standards needed for:
DER grid operational interface with dispatchable: VAR, V, F, etc.
support for energy storage devices (ES), including PEV
and hybrid generation-storage systems (ES-DER)
PAP Major Objectives
Revised and updated consistent guidelines and standards:
Involve broad set of Stakeholders: SDOs, utilities, vendor, etc.
Scoping Document to determine priorities and timeline for standards development for spectrum of applications
IEEE 1547 revisions for urgent applications
Consistent object models for DER, ES, ES-DER in IEC
UL, NEC-NFPA70, SAE guidelines for safe, reliable implementation

14. PAP 7: Task Interactions
Scoping Document
Prioritized timeline for ES-DER standards
Task 2: IEEE for island applications
and IEEE for secondary networks
Task 3: Unified interconnection method with multifunctional operational interface for range of storage and generation/storage.
IEEE (a) Operational interface
(b) Storage without gen
(c) PV with storage
(d) Wind with storage
(e) PEV as storage a) b) c) d e)
Task 1: Use Cases,
*EPRI PV-ES Inverter
Define requirements for different scenarios
Info exchanges
MIC
Task 4: Develop and Harmonize Object Models
IEC : Expanded to include
Multifunctional ES-DER operational interface
Harmonized with CIM & MultiSpeak
Map to MMS, DNP3, web services, & SEP 2
Task 5: Test, Safe and Reliable Implementation
Implementation
UL 1741, NEC-NFPA70, SAE, CSA and IEC
PAPs

15. PAP 7: Status Task 1: Use cases and advanced function descriptions
Use cases and supporting information posted on PAP 7 page
EPRI Inverter Comm. Project - descriptions of advanced functions
Task 2: Accelerate completion of existing IEEE &
IEEE Std was published in 2011
IEEE Std was published in 2011
Task 3: Initiate new IEEE for advanced functions
IEEE third draft underway (Meeting Feb 2012)
Teleconferences used to expedite progress on drafts
Coordinating communications group with other groups
Task 4: Two-stage process to expedite IEC update
Stage 1: Publish official, informative-only, IEC Technical Report:
IEC submitted to the IEC TC57 WG17
Stage 2: Develop and publish normative edition 2 of IEC
Task 5: Test, Safe & Reliable Implementation: NEC, UL 1741

16. IEEE 1547 Interconnection Standards
Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources
with Electric Power Systems
Standard for Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting DR with EPS
Application Guide for IEEE 1547 Standard for Interconnection of DR with EPS
Guide for Monitoring, Information Exchange and Control of DR
P Guide for Design, Operation, & Integration of Distributed Resource Island Systems with EPS
Microgrids
P Guidelines for Interconnection of EPS >10 MVA to the Power Transmission Grid
P (new) Extension of 1547, e.g. grid support, energy storage, ride-thru, etc.
P Recommended Practice for Interconnecting DR With EPS Distribution Secondary Networks
Current 1547 Projects
P Draft Guide to Conducting Distribution Impact Studies for DR Interconnection

17. EPRI/Sandia NL Smart Inverter Initiative
Map to Protocols
DNP3
Represent Information in Standard Information Model
(IEC 61850)
Select a Specific Way to Implement each Function
Identify Needed Functions
Smart Energy Profile
MMS, Web Services, Other
Interest Group,
Demonstrations,
PAP7, IEEE 1547
Focus Group,
Others?
Focus Group,
IEC Working Group
Standards Groups,
Funded Efforts

18. EPRI/SNL Smart Inverter Functions
Phase 1 Functions:
Connect/Disconnect – Non Islanding
Max Generation Level Control
Smart VAR Management and PF
Storage Management
State/Status Monitoring
Event Logging
Time Adjustment
Status:
Detailed Function Definition Complete
Representation in Terms of IEC Complete (contributions made to IEC)
DNP3 Mapping Completed
Smart Energy Profile Mapping in Process
Phase 2 Functions:
Voltage Sag Ride-Through
Autonomous Watt-Voltage Management (transient and steady- state)
Autonomous Watt-Frequency Management
Islanding
Additions to State/Status Monitoring
Status:
In process in coordination with IEEE P and NIST PAP7
Will be Added to the DNP3, SEP2, and other protocol mappings
Utilities to identify target appliance and communication participants so that resulting device combinations can be readily inserted into existing programs
courtesy: Brian Seal (EPRI)

19. EPRI/SNL Volt-Var Control Function
Utility-Defined Curve Shapes Q1
Volt/Var Mode 1 – Normal Regulation
Capacitive
System Voltage Q2 Q3
VARs Generated V4
Simple Broadcast V1 V2 V3
Inductive Q4 Q1
Capacitive
Volt/Var
Mode 2 – Transmission VAR Support
System Voltage Q2
VARs Generated V1 V2
Inductive
courtesy: Brian Seal (EPRI)

20. SGIP Organization Governing Board SGIP Officers NIST
SGIP Administrator
Standing Committees &
Working Groups
Test & Certification
Committee
(SGTCC)
Architecture
(SGAC)
Cyber Security
Working Group
(CSWG)
Priority Action Plan Teams
PAP 1
PAP 2
PAP 3
PAP 4
PAP …
PAP 17
New DRGS DEWG
Domain Expert Working Groups
BnP
H2G
B2G
Coordination Functions
Program
Mgmt
Office
(PMO)
Comm.
Marketing
Education
(CME)
Bylaws &
Operating
Procedures
(BOP)
TnD
I2G
PEV2G
DRGS
Electromagnetic Interoperability
SGIP Membership 20

21. Distributed Renewables, Generators, Storage
DRGS DEWG initiated September 2011
Identify Smart Grid standards and interoperability issues/gaps for
Integration of renewable/clean and distributed generators and storage
Operation in high penetration scenarios, weak grids, microgrids, DC grids
Including interaction of high-bandwidth and high-inertia type devices
Of particular importance are Smart Grid functions that
mitigate impact of variability and intermittency of renewable generators
enable generators and storage to provide valuable grid supportive services
prevent unintentional islanding and cascading events for clustered devices
Activities of new group
Consistent approaches for generators/storage types and domains
Use cases and information exchange requirements
Define new PAPs to address standards gaps and issues
Join: 21

22. DRGS DEWG Initial Topics
International DER Interconnection Standard
Consistent object models for different generator and storage device types, different domains and constraints – in different standards, international
Process for continued development of advanced grid supportive generator and storage functions
Grid supportive functions at Microgrid/EMS area Point-of-Connection
Premises Local EMS with no ability to remote disconnect
Microgrid with EMS and ability to disconnect/reconnect from Area EPS
Power electronic flow controller interconnected Microgrids
Power electronic converter interconnected DC Microgrids/DC circuits
Information exchange requirements for operation of DER in scenarios
Management of DER by Distribution System, Microgrid, or Premises EMS
Autonomous interaction of DER with IEDs (breakers, switches) and/or other DER
High penetration and weak grid conditions
Conformity and interoperability testing
Regulatory/market issues for distributed, variable/constrained

23. DRGS Work Plan
Subgroups to further define issues, gaps and action plans:
DRGS Standards Roadmap
DRGS Use Cases, Information Exchange, and Object Models
DRGS Microgrids and Hierarchical Distributed Control
DRGS Conformity and Interoperability Test and Certification
DRGS Regulatory and Market Issues
Meetings format/schedule:
Subgroups meet and report out as sessions during bi-weekly webinar
Alternate weeks used for additional subgroup meetings
Timeline and Deliverables:
Subgroup descriptions, leaders, and participants - February
Descriptions of issues and DRGS actions for priority action items - March
Roadmap for DRGS DEWG to address issues and gaps - April

24. david.wollman@nist.gov dean.prochaska@nist.gov
Contact Information
George Arnold
National Coordinator for Smart Grid Interoperability David Wollman Dean Prochaska
Al Hefner
US Government Smart Grid Website:
NIST Smart Grid Website:
NIST SGIP Collaborative Twiki site: 24