1. M-249
AUTOMATIC RIFLE y

2. OVERVIEW PERIOD I 1. Weapon/Classroom Safety
2. Description and Characteristics
3. Nomenclature
4. Clearing
5. Disassembly/Assembly and Function Check
6. Inspection, Care, Cleaning and Lubrication y

3. OVERVIEW PERIOD I (Continued) 7. Ammunition 8. Loading and Clearing
9. Stoppages, Malfunctions, Immediate Action
10. Installing and Removing Blank Firing Adapter
11. Methods of Destruction y

4. STUDENT EVALUATIONS Clearing the automatic rifle
Full loading the automatic rifle using belted ammunition
Clearing belted ammunition from the full-load position
Disassembly of the automatic rifle
Assembly of the automatic rifle
Function check of the automatic rifle
Applying immediate action procedures y

5. WEAPONS
SAFETY
Violations of Weapon Safety Rules may result in immediate removal from the training area.

6. DESCRIPTION Air cooled Automatic weapon
Disintegrating metallic split link belt or magazine fed
Fires from the open bolt
Fixed headspace
Gas operated
5.56mm NATO standard ammunition

7. CHARACTERISTICS
PERFORMANCE
LENGTH Inches
WEIGHT lbs.

8. CHARACTERISTICS RANGES MAX. EFFECTIVE RANGE Maximum Range 3,600m
Maximum adjustable m
MAX. EFFECTIVE RANGE
Point targets m
Area targets m
Suppression m

9. CHARACTERISTICS RATES OF FIRE Sustained – 50 rpm Rapid – 50 rpm
Cyclic – 850 rpm

10. EXTERNAL
NOMENCLATURE

11. CLEARING PROCEDURES Place on fire, lock bolt to rear Safety on
Return cocking handle forward
Raise cover and feed mechanism and visually inspect chamber, receiver and magazine well
Close cover, select fire, and ride the bolt gently forward using the cocking handle while pressing the trigger to rear
Weapon remains on fire (bolt forward, weapon on fire)

12. 5 INSPECTION POINTS

13. DISASSEMBLY
The weapon must always be CLEARED before disassembling.
The Instructor will Demonstrate.

14. DISASSEMBLY Remove Operating Group Remove Barrel Group
Remove Gas Regulator and Collar
Remove Hand-guard assembly
Remove Butt stock/shoulder assembly and Trigger assembly
Remove Gas Cylinder and Bipod group

15. DISASSEMBLY
FIELD STRIP

16. DISASSEMBLY
EIGHT MAJOR GROUPS

17. DISASSEMBLY
INSPECTION
CLEANING
LUBRICATION
REASSEMBLY

18. FUNCTION CHECK Clear Weapon Safety off, lock bolt to rear Safety on
Pull trigger ( should not fire )
Check fire
(a) Safety off
(b) Pull trigger, ride bolt forward
(c) Bolt forward, remains on fire

19. AMMUNITION
TYPES AND USES

20. WEAPON
LOADING
Full load (open cover) Weapon to fire Lock bolt to the rear Safety on Inspect 5 safety points Ammo on tray Close cover

21. WEAPON
LOADING

22. UNLOADING
Unloading from a full load: Ensure safety is on Raise cover, remove ammo Inspect 5 safety points Close cover Safety off Ride bolt forward

23. WEAPON LOADING Magazine fed- 1. Weapon to fire
2. Lock bolt to the rear
3. Safety on
4. Inspect 5 safety points
5. Close cover
6. Insert magazine

24. UNLOADING
Unloading from a full load: Ensure safety is on Remove magazine Raise cover Inspect 5 safety points Close cover Safety off Ride bolt forward

25. STOPPAGES AND
MALFUNCTIONS
STOPPAGE-
MALFUNCTION-
IMMEDIATE ACTION-

26. STOPPAGES AND MALFUNCTIONS IMMEDIATE ACTION
Within 10 seconds
Bolt to rear
Round ejects -- continue

27. STOPPAGES AND MALFUNCTIONS Remedial – Cold Barrel
Round not ejected
Hold handle to rear Open cover Remove ammo Inspect/clear weapon
Round in chamber
Close cover Attempt to fire

28. STOPPAGES AND MALFUNCTIONS Remedial – Hot Barrel
Remedial – Hot Barrel
During combat, wait 5 seconds because of the possibility of a “hangfire” before applying remedial action. During training, wait 15 minutes before clearing a hot weapon and applying remedial action.

29. BLANK FIRING ADAPTER

30. DESTRUCTION OF WEAPON FIVE METHODS 1. Mechanical 2. Burning 3. Gunfire
4. Demolition
5. Disposal

31. If you do not understand anything covered during Period I, ask now!
SUMMARY
If you do not understand anything covered during Period I, ask now!

32. OVERVIEW PERIOD II Roles of the automatic rifle
Characteristics of fire
Range determination/Lateral distance measurement
Principles of fire
Engagement of visible targets
Limited visibility
Predetermined fires

33. ROLES OF THE AUTOMATIC RIFLE
Support rifleman
Engage intermediate distance targets
Heavy volume of fire
Assault weapon in close quarters or entry procedures

34. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
Trajectory
Maximum ordinate
Cone of fire
Beaten zone
Danger space
Dead space

35. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
Trajectory--path of projectile
Almost flat at 300 meters or less
Beyond 300 meters, trajectory is curved and becomes greater as range increases

36. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
Maximum ordinate
Highest point trajectory reaches from muzzle to target
Occurs at 2/3 of distance between gun and target

37. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE

38. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
Cone of fire
Pattern formed by several rounds in a burst, each round taking a slightly different trajectory
Caused by vibration of the gun or variations in ammunition and atmospheric conditions

39. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
Beaten zone-area where cone of fire strikes the ground
Changes when range to target changes
Uniformly sloping or level terrain, beaten zone is long and narrow
Beaten zone becomes shorter and wider as range to target increases
Terrain sloping down and away, beaten zone becomes longer
Terrain rising, beaten zone becomes shorter
Terrain has no great effect on the width of the beaten zone

40. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE

41. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
Danger space-space between gun and target where trajectory does not rise above 1.8 meters
Fired over level terrain – Danger space to 700 meters
1.8 METERS IS AVERAGE HEIGHT OF TARGET
SOME AREAS BETWEEN GUN AND TARGET MAY NOT HAVE DANGER SPACE

42. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
Dead space-area that can’t be seen or covered by gun position
Caused by depressions, rises, obstructions, etc.
Must be covered by a different weapon position or other type of weapon ie. M203

43. RANGE DETERMINATION Position disclosure
Required for reporting adjustment of fire

44. RANGE DETERMINATION METHODS – Pacing Appearance of Objects Method
100 meter unit of measure
Pacing
Appearance of Objects Method

45. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE Types of targets Point Area Linear Deep
Linear with depth

46. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE

47. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE

48. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE

49. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE

50. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE

51. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE

52. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE

53. PRINCIPLES OF FIRE

54. If you do not understand anything covered during Period I, ask now!
SUMMARY
If you do not understand anything covered during Period I, ask now!

55. OVERVIEW PERIOD III Firing Positions Grip Aiming Trigger Manipulation
Mechanical Zero
Sight Adjustments
Adjusted Aiming Point
Firing while wearing CWDE

56. FIRING POSITIONS Prone position Right handed Feet spread, heels down
Shoulder rest up

57. FIRING POSITIONS

58. FUNDAMENTALS Grip Right hand on grip Left hand on cover
Weapon pulled into shoulder with 3rd and 4th fingers of the shooting hand

59. FUNDAMENTALS Aiming Sight alignment
1. Front-sight blade centered in rear sight aperture
2. Top of front-sight blade even with center of rear sight aperture

60. FUNDAMENTALS Aiming Sight Picture
Top of front sight on center base of target
Eye focus on front-sight

61. FUNDAMENTALS

62. FUNDAMENTALS Trigger Manipulation Pull trigger and release
Control rounds in burst

63. MECHANICAL ZERO Windage Turn sight full left
Count number of clicks while turning windage knob full right
Back off half the number of clicks to the left

64. MECHANICAL ZERO Elevation Turn sight full up
Count number of clicks while turning sight full down
Back off half the number of clicks up

65. SIGHT ADJUSTMENTS Windage knob 1 click = 6 in. at 300 meters
Push right / Pull left
Elevation knob
Push up / Pull down

66. CWDE Firing while wearing CWDE Weapon cant Sight alignment
Barrel change

67. CWDE

68. SUMMARY
ANY QUESTIONS?

69. LEAD
EXPOSURE
BRIEFING