1. L. 2 Grammar

2. KO-SO-A-DO Ko = something that is close to the speaker
So = something that is close to the listener
A= something that is neither close to the speaker nor the listener
Do = question

3. Kore-Sore-Are-Dore Kore = this thing here
Sore= that thing in front of you
Are= that one over there
Dore = which one?

4. Kore this one

5. Sore that one

6. Are That one over there

7. Dore
Which one?

8. Kore-Sore-Are-Dore Kore wa Takeshi-san no pen desu.
Sore wa Mearii-san no pen desu.
Are wa Suu-san no pen desu.
Dore GA Robaato-san no pen desu ka.

9. Kore-Sore-Are-Dore Takeshi-san no pen wa kore desu.
Mearii-san no pen wa sore desu.
Suu-san no pen wa are desu.
Robaato-san no pen wa DORE desu ka.

10. (Thing) wa DORE desu ka. Newspaper Umbrella Computer TV Pen Pencil
Japanese book
Notebook

11. Kore-Sore
Q: Sore wa nan desu ka.
A: Kore wa pen desu.

12. Kore-Sore
Q: Kore wa nan desu ka.
A: Sore wa pen desu. ?

13. Kono-Sono-Ano-Dono Kono + Noun = this Noun
Sono + Noun= that Noun in front of you
Ano + Noun = that Noun over there
Dono + Noun = which Noun?

14. Kono + Noun Kono pen wa Mearii-san no pen desu.
Kono pen wa 50-en desu.

15. Sono + Noun Sono hon wa Suzuki-san no hon desu.
Sono hon wa 500-en desu.

16. Ano + Noun Ano kutsu wa Tanaka-san no kutsu desu.
Ano kutsu wa en desu.

17. Kono-Sono
A: Sono pen wa IKURA desu ka.
B: Kono pen wa 50-en desu. B A

18. Kono-Sono
A: Kono pen wa IKURA desu ka.
B: Sono pen wa 50-en desu. ? A

19. Koko-Soko-Asoko-Doko
Koko = here, this place
Soko = there (near you), that place
Asoko = over there, that place over there
Doko = where?

20. Koko-Soko-Asoko-Doko
Ginkoo WA Koko desu.
Ginkoo WA Soko desu.
Ginkoo WA Asoko desu.
Ginkoo WA Doko desu ka.

21. ___ wa doko desu ka. Ginkoo Yuubinkyoku Kissaten
Resutoran (Restaurant)
Toshokan
Depaato (Department store)
Honya
CDya

22. How much?
Pen
Kore WA
50-en
100-en
Desu.
Pen
Kore WA
IKURA
desu
KA.

23. Who? = DARE Kore wa dare desu ka.

24. “N 1 NO N2” in a WH question Topic Noun Phrase N Prtcl N1 N 2 Kore WA
Copula Verb
Kore WA
Mearii-san NO
Kasa
desu.
Topic
Noun Phrase N
Prtcl N1
N 2
Copula Verb
Kore WA
Dare NO
Kasa
desu
Ka.

25. Particle MO = Also/ as well
Sentence # 1
Topic
Comment
Noun 1
Particle
Noun 2
Copula Verb
Toyota-san WA
Daigakusei
Desu.
Sentence 2
Topic
Comment
Noun 1
Particle
Noun 2
Copula Verb
Honda-san MO
Daigakusei
desu.

26. Affirmative Topic Comment Noun Particle Copula Verb Watashi わたし WA は
Nihon-jin
にほんじん
desu.
です。

27. Negative Sentences Topic Comment Noun Particle Copula Verb Mearii-san
メアリーさん WA は
Nihon-jin
にほんじん
Ja arimasen.
じゃありません。
Ja nai desu.
じゃないです。

28. Question Marker -KA Topic Comment Noun 1 Particle Noun 2 Copula Verb
Sentence Particle
Toyota-san
とよたさん WA は
Daigakusei
だいがくせい
desu.
です。 KA か。
Is Toyota-san a college student?

29. Negative Answer Iie, (Toyota-san WA) Daigakusei Daigakuinsei
Noun 1
Particle
Noun 2
Copula Verb
Iie,
(Toyota-san
WA)
Daigakusei
Daigakuinsei
Ja arimasen.
Ja nai desu.
desu.
No, (she is) not a college student.
No, (she is) a high school student.

30. (Thing) o kudasai. (Thing) o onegaishimasu.