1. THE L98A2 CADET GENERAL PURPOSE RIFLE

2. LESSON 1 - GENERAL DESCRIPTION, SAFETY & SIGHTS2

3. WEAPON HANDLING
ALWAYS SAFETY FIRST!

4. RULES FOR THE SAFE HANDLING OF WEAPONS THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY, AT ALL TIMES, TO THE HANDLING OF WEAPONS:
A. A WEAPON MUST NEVER BE POINTED AT ANYONE IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES.
B. A WEAPON MUST ALWAYS BE HANDLED IN SUCH A WAY THAT THERE IS NO DANGER OF A ROUND BEING ACCIDENTALLY FIRED.
C. THE MUZZLE OF A WEAPON MUST NEVER BE RESTED AGAINST ANY PART OF THE BODY.
D. WHENEVER A WEAPON IS PICKED UP WHICH HAS NOT BEEN UNDER AN INDIVIDUAL’S DIRECT SUPERVISION, IT MUST BE EXAMINED TO MAKE SURE THAT IT IS NOT LOADED.

5. RULES FOR THE SAFE HANDLING OF WEAPONS THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY, AT ALL TIMES, TO THE HANDLING OF WEAPONS:
E. WHENEVER A WEAPON IS HANDED OVER, THE RECIPIENT MUST FIRST BE SHOWN THAT IT IS UNLOADED.
F. A WEAPON MUST BE IN THE UNLOADED STATE PRIOR TO TRAVELLING IN A VEHICLE OR DURING NON-TACTICAL MOVES ON FOOT.
CADETS MUST NEVER BE ALLOWED TO FIRE A WEAPON UNLESS THEY HAVE BEEN INSTRUCTED AND PRACTISED IN ITS USE AND HAS PASSED A 6 MONTHLY WEAPON HANDLING TEST. A PERIOD OF REVISION SHOULD BE CONDUCTED ON THE APPROPRIATE WEAPON PRIOR TO LIVE FIRING. SAFETY STAFF WILL SUPERVISE WEAPON HANDLING DURING FIRING. 5

6. THE L98A2 CADET GENERAL PURPOSE RIFLE
It is the standard weapon of used by cadets and you must become skilled in its use to enable you to pass you Weapon Handling Test, Shooting Tests and whilst at the same time handle it safely amongst your fellow cadets. 6

7. CHARACTERISTICS
Magazine fed weapon which is capable of firing single rounds producing:
Quick and accurate fire at short range opportunity targets.
A high rate of accurate, rapid fire at ranges up to 300m and accurate deliberate fire at longer ranges.
A number of individual parts including the magazine, which holds 30 rounds, are also common to the Light Support Weapon (LSW)
With its self loading capability and a 30 round magazine, a high standard of fire control is necessary to prevent wastage of ammunition.
IT IS ONLY TO BE FIRED FROM THE RIGHT SHOULDER

8. PARTS OF THE L98A2

9. PARTS OF THE L98A2

10. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS (NSP)
Must be carried out:
At the beginning and end of every lesson, practice or range period
Immediately on returning from a patrol or other exercise or duty, and when handing a rifle over to another cadet.

11. ‘FOR INSPECTION - PORT ARMS’
FROM LOW PORT POSITION ADVANCE THE LEFT FOOT AND BRING THE RIFLE TO HORIZONTAL POSITION
CHECK SAFETY IS ON SAFE
TILT WEAPON SLIGHTLY TO THE RIGHT AND COCK THE WEAPON
HOLD THE WORKING PARTS OPEN
TO INSPECT THE WEAPON, OR WHEN IT IS INSPECTED BY OTHERS PUSH IT FORWARD AND TILT IT LEFT 11

12. ‘FOR INSPECTION - PORT ARMS’
ENSURE THE BODY, CHAMBER AND FACE OF THE BOLT ARE CLEAR OF AMMUNITION OR OBSTRUCTIONS.
ON COMMAND “EASE SPRINGS”
ALLOW WORKING PARTS FORWARD
SIGHTS UP,
7. SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
8. FIRE AIMED SHOT IN A SAFE DIRECTION
9. APPLY SAFETY CATCH
10.SIGHTS DOWN, DUST COVER 12

13. HANDING OVER A WEAPON IF NO MAGAZINE IS ATTACHED
CHECK SAFETY CATCH IS ON.
PERFORM NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTION (NSP)
SHOW THE RECIPIENT OF THE WEAPON THAT THE CHAMBER IS CLEAR
ONCE THE RECEIVING PERSON IS HAPPY THE WEAPON IS CLEAR COMPLETE THE NSP
HAND OVER THE WEAPON
NEVER POINT THE WEAPON AT ANYONE IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCE

14. FITTING THE SLING 14

15. THE IRON SIGHTS 15

16. FITTING THE IRON SIGHTS16

17. FITTING THE IRON SIGHTS17

18. LESSON 2 - STRIPPING & ASSEMBLING18

19. STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
• IT IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY TO ENSURE TH WEAPON YOU ARE ISSUED IS SERVICEABLE
THE SEQUENCE FOR STRIPPING AND ASSEMBLING IS LAID DOWN IN ORDER TO PREVENT DAMAGE TO THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS.
THE WEAPON MUST NEVER BE STRIPPED FURTHER THAN YOU HAVE BEEN TAUGHT.
IF YOU NOTICE ANY DAMAGE OR DEFECTS YOU MUST REPORT IT TO THE SSI ON RETURNING THE WEAPON TO THE ARMOURY 19

20. STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
• CARRY OUT NSPS BUT DO NOT OPERATE TRIGGER OR CLOSE THE DUST COVER
• LEAVE SAFETY CATCH AT S
• ENSURE WEAPON IS UPSIDE DOWN AND HORIZONTAL
• FULLY WITHDRAW THE REAR TMH PIN, THEN PUSH IT BACK 5MM UNTIL YOU HEAR A CLICK
• FULLY WITHDRAW FRONT TMH PIN
• REMOVE TMH BY PULLING THE BUTT UP 20

21. STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
• SEPARATE AWAY FROM RIFLE
• PLACE HAND OVER RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY
• FULLY WITHDRAW THE REAR TMH LOCKING PIN (CUP HAND OVER END)
• REMOVE ROD ASSEMBLY BUT DO NOT REMOVE SPRING FROM RODS
• SLIDE COCKING HANDLE TO THE REAR AND OFF
• REMOVE BOLT CARRIER 21

22. STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
• LIFT UP THE COVER TO THE GAS PARTS
REMOVE THE GAS PISTON AND SPRING
REMOVE THE GAS CYLINDER
REMOVE THE GAS PLUG (The combination tool can be used to push the press stud down)
MAKE SURE THE PRESS STUD REMAINS AT THE 9 O’CLOCK POSITION. 22

23. STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN23

24. ASSEMBLY • FIT THE GAS PLUG
FIT THE GAS CYLINDER (this will be lose so hold on to it)
FIT THE GAS PISTON AND SPRING
SLOT INTO THE GAS CYLINDER
CLOSE THE COVER TO THE GAS PARTS 24

25. ASSEMBLY • INSERT BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND ATTACH COCKING HANDLE
• WITH REAR TMH PIN FULLY WITHDRAWN , INSERT RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY
• ENSURE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY IS CENTRAL AND PRESS DOWN ON SPRING ASSEMBLY AND ALLOW REAR TMH
PIN TO BE INSERTED 5MM (ONE CLICK)
• CHECK FRONT TMH PIN FULLY WITHDRAWN 25

26. ASSEMBLY • FIT TMH • FULLY ENGAGE BOTH LOCKING PINS
• PERFORM A FUNCTIONS TEST 26

27. FUNCTIONS TEST PRONE POSITION CHECK SAFETY CATCH IS ON SAFE SIGHTS UP
COCK THE WEAPON
PULL THE TRIGGER WITH SAFETY CATCH ON
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
FIRE OFF THE ACTION 27

28. FUNCTIONS TEST HOLD TRIGGER DOWN COCK THE WEAPON
RELEASE THE TRIGGER (Hear hammer engaging main sear)
FIRE OF THE ACTION
SAFETY ON
DUST COVER UP 28

29. STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE
MAGAZINE SHOULD BE STRIPPED AND CLEANED IF THEY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO CONDITIONS LIKELY TO PRODUCE A BUILD UP OF MUD, SAND OR RUST 29

30. STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE
HOLD THE MAGAZINE WITH THE BOTTOM PLATE UPPER MOST
USE THE COMBINATION TOOL TO DEPRESS THE BASE OF THE SPRING LOCATED IN THE MIDDLE OF THE BOTTOM PLATE.
SLIDE TO THE REAR UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE FRONT OF THE PLATE DISENGAGES FROM THE SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY. 30

31. STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE
RELEASE THE PRESSURE ON THE SPRING UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE REAR OF THE PLATE IS FREE FROM ITS SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY.
REMOVE THE BOTTOM PLATE
THE SPRING AND PLATFORM MAY NOW BE CAREFULLY FED OUT OF THE BOTTOM OF THE MAGAZINE 31

32. STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE
THE PLATFORM MUST NEVER BE REMOVED FROM THE SPRING.
IF THE SPRING COMES LOOSE FROM THE PLATFORM IT MUST BE REPLACED CORRECTLY OR STOPPAGES WILL OCCUR
THE BOTTOM LOOP ON THE SPRING MUST BE LOCATED UNDER THE TWO LUGS ON THE INSIDE OF THE PLATFORM AND NOT TO ONE SIDE 32

33. ASSEMBLING THE MAGAZINE
ENSURE THE PLATFORM IS POINTED IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION.
INSERT THE SPRING INTO THE MAGAZINE BODY
PRESS THE SPRING IN UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE REAR OF THE BOTTOM PLATE CAN ENGAGE IN ITS SLOT IN THE BODY
USING THE COMBINATION TOOL DEPRESS THE BASE OF THE SPRING TO ENABLE THE BOTTOM PLATE TO SLIDE FORWARD UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE FRONT OF THE PLATE ENGAES THE SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY. 33

34. ASSEMBLING THE MAGAZINE
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE BOTTOM OF THE PLATE IS CORRECTLY ENGAGED. FAILURE TO DO THIS WILL RESULT IN STOPPAGES
MAGAZINES SHOULD ONLY BE STRIPPED AND CLEANED IF THEY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO CONDITIONS LIKELY TO PRODUCE A BUILD UP OF SAND, MUD AND RUST 34

35. LESSON 3 - MAGAZINE FILLING, SIGHT SETTING, LOAD, UNLOAD, MAKE SAFE & SAFE HANDLING35

36. FITTING A DEPRESSOR 36

37. AMMUNITION RIMLESS 5.56mm CALIBRE
MANUFACTURING INFO STAMPED ON THE BASE OF EACH ROUND
ISSUED IN 10rnd CLIPS or BOXES OF 30rnds or 50rnds
MAGAZINE CHARGERS ARE HELPFUL WHEN ISSUED CLIPPED AMMUNITION 37

38. TYPES OF AMMUNITION BALL AMMUNITION SMOOTH BRASS CARTRIDGE CASE
JACKETED BULLET
PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE 38

39. TYPES OF AMMUNITION
BALL AMMUNITION 39

40. TYPES OF AMMUNITION BLANK AMMUNITION BRASS CASE NO BULLET
THE END IS CRIMPED
PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE 40

41. TYPES OF AMMUNITION
BLANK AMMUNITION 41

42. TYPES OF AMMUNITION DRILL AMMUNITION SILVER CASE WITH GROOVES
COPPER JACKETED BULLET
NO PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE 42

43. TYPES OF AMMUNITION
DRILL AMMUNITION 43

44. CARE OF AMMUNITION & MAGAZINES
EXPOSING TO DIRECT SUN RAYS MAY REDUCE ACCURACY
NEVER USE A ROUND AS A TOOL
DO NOT TAMPER WITH AMMUNITION IT IS DANGEROUS AND ILLEGAL
DAMAGED ROUNDS MUST NOT BE FIRED. PUT TO ONE SIDE AND HAND IN TO DIRECTING STAFF
INSPECT MAGAZINE. DAMAGED MAGAZINES WILL CAUSE STOPPAGES
CARRY MAGAZINES WITH PLATFORMS UPPERMOST IN POUCHES. THIS STOPS THE LIPS BEING DAMAGED WHEN WEBBING IS DROPPED. 44

45. FILLING MAGAZINES MAGAZINE HOLDS 30 ROUNDS
IN TRAINING ONLY FILL THE MAGAZINE WITH THE NUMBER AND TYPE YOU ARE ORDERED TO
TWO METHODS FOR FILLING A MAGAZINE
WITH CHARGER
WITHOUT CHARGER 45

46. FILLING MAGAZINES
FILLING A MAGAZINE USING A CHARGER 46

47. FILLING MAGAZINES
FILLING A MAGAZINE WITHOUT USING A CHARGER 47

48. EMPTYING MAGAZINES TWO METHODS
USING A CLIP, PUSH DOWN ON EVERY SECOND ROUND
USING A CLIP, PUSH THE REAR OF EACH TOP ROUND AWAY FROM THE MAGAZINE LIPS 48

49. SIGHT SETTING TWO APPERTURES ON THE REAR SIGHT
CHANGED BY PUSHING LEAF SIGHT BACKWARDS AND FORWARDS
THE SMALL APERTURE IS STAMPED 200 METRES
THIS IS USED TO ENGAGE ALL TARGETS BETWEEN METRES
AT NIGHT SWITCH TO THE LARGER APERTURE 49

50. LOAD, READY & UNLOAD A WEAPON IS LOADED WHEN A MAGAZINE IS FITTED
A WEAPON IS READY WHEN IT IS COCKED AND A ROUND IS IN THE CHAMBER
A WEAPON IS UNLOADED WHEN THERE IS NO MAGAZINE FITTED AND THE WEAPON HAS BEEN CLEARED OF ALL AMMUNITION (NSP) 50

51. LOAD PRONE POSITION ENSURE SAFETY CATCH IS ON.
TAKE HOLD OF LOADED MAGAZINE AND ENSURE TOP ROUNDS ARE POSITIONED CORRECTLY.
PUSH MAGAZINE FIRMLY INTO THE MAGAZINE HOUSING. (Until you hear an audible click)
CHECK MAGAZINE IS SECURE. 51

52. READY ENSURE SAFETY CATCH ON. SET SIGHTS, RANGE AS REQUIRED.
COCK THE WEAPON.
FORWARD ASSIST

53. UNLOAD APPLY SAFETY CATCH. REMOVE THE MAGAZINE.
HOLD WORKING PARTS TO THE REAR
SEVEN POINT CHECK
OPERATE BOLT RELEASE CATCH.
FORWARD ASSIST
SIGHTS UP
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE.
FIRE AN AIMED SHOT - (IN A SAFE DIRECTION).
SAFETY CATCH TO SAFE
SIGHTS DOWN.
DUST COVER UP

54. MAKE SAFE (UNLOAD FOLLOWED BY PUTTING A NEW MAGAZINE ON)
APPLY SAFETY CATCH.
REMOVE THE MAGAZINE.
HOLD WORKING PARTS TO THE REAR
SEVEN POINT CHECK
OPERATE BOLT RELEASE CATCH.
FORWARD ASSIST

55. MAKE SAFE (UNLOAD FOLLOWED BY PUTTING A NEW MAGAZINE ON)
7. SIGHTS UP
8. SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE.
9. FIRE AN AIMED SHOT - (IN A SAFE DIRECTION).
10. SAFETY CATCH TO SAFE
11. SIGHTS DOWN.
12. DUST COVER UP
13. APPLY A NEW MAGAZINE 55

56. SAFE HANDLING WITH A MAGAZINE FITTED
SAFETY CATCH ON UNLESS YOU ARE TOLD OTHERWISE
FINGER OF THE TRIGGER UNLESS ACTUALLY FIRING
RIFLE IS UNLOADED ON COMMAND OR WHEN YOU ARE UNABLE TO ENSURE ITS SAFETY e.g. WHEN LEAVING THE WEAPON IN SOMEONE ELSES CARE
WHEN HANDING OVER A WEAPON ALWAYS PERFORM A FULL UNLOAD
ALWAYS CARRY OUT DRILLS IN THE PRONE POSITION
NEVER POINT A WEAPON AT ANYONE IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCE 56

57. LESSON 4 - CLEANING & MAINTENANCE57

58. CLEANING & MAINTENANCE
IT IS YOUR JOB TO MAINTAIN THE WEAPON THAT IS ISSUED TO YOU.
LACK OF LUBRICATION IS THE GREATEST CAUSE OF STOPPAGES
ENSURE OIL BOTTLES ARE KEPT FULL 58

59. THE CLEANING KIT 59

60. THE COMBINATION TOOL 60

61. LEVEL OF CLEANING UNIT CLEANING
USED TO BRING THE WEAPON UP TO THE HIGHEST POSSIBLE STANDARD OF CLEANLINESS
ACHIEVED BY CLEANING AND INSPECTION AT INTERVALS SET OUT BY THE COMMANDING OFFICER
AVAILIABLITY OF SPARE PARTS MEANS FIXING WEAPONS IS NOT A PROBLEM 61

62. LEVEL OF CLEANING HARBOUR OR PATROL BASE
CLEANING MUST STILL BE CARRIED (USING THE BUDDY BUDDY SYSTEM)
SWIFT & PRACTISED DRILLS ARE REQUIRED TO ENSURE ALL PARTS ARE CLEANED PROPERLY
ANY BROKEN PARTS, MISSING CLEANING KIT ITEMS OR EMPTY OIL BOTTLES MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY IN ORDER TO GET A RESUPPLY AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE 62

63. LEVEL OF CLEANING RANGE AND DRY TRAINING
BEFORE FIRING - INSPECT THE RIFLE AND DETERMINE IF IT REQUIRES ADDITIONAL LUBRICTATION
DURING FIRING - WHEN AN OPPORTUNITY EXISTS, LUBRICATE AS TAUGHT
AFTER FIRING - CLEAN UP TO UNIT CLEANING STANDARD 63

64. CLEANING STRIP WEAPON DOWN FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEANING
USE GP SOFT BRUSH TO REMOVE LOOSE DIRT
WITH LIGHTLY OILED FLANNELETTE, CLEAN OUTSIDE OF WEAPON AND THEN WIPE DRY
FIT CHAMBER /BARREL EXTENSION BRUSH TO ROD AND USE CLOCKWISE UNTIL CLEAN. TILT THE WEAPON SO THE MUZZLE IS POINTING UP, THIS WILL ALLOW DIRT TO FALL OUT WHEN THE CHAMBER/ BARREL EXTENSION BRUSH IS TAKEN OUT
USE GP SOFT BRUSH AND FLANELETTE TO CLEAN THE INSIDE OF THE BODY
WIPE THE GAS PISTON, GAS CYLINDER AND GAS PLUG CLEAN
REMOVE CARBON WITH THE WIRE BRUSH, GAS BLOCK CLEANING BRUSH AND SCRAPERS ON THE COMBINATION TOOL. 64

65. CLEANING PULL THE BARREL THROUGH WITH A LUBRICATED BORE BRUSH
PULL BARREL THROUGH WITH ALTERNATING DRY AND OILY FLANELETTE, FINISH WITH A DRY FLANELETTER
ENSURE YOU ONLY PULL THE BARREL WITH ONE SQUARE OF FLANELETTE (45MM X 45MM)
EXAMINE THE BARREL FOR CLEANLINESS.
DRY CLEAN THE WEAPON AND EXAMINE IT FOR DAMAGE
LIGHTLY OIL THE WEAPON AND MAGAZINE
ASSEMBLE THE WEAPON AND PERFORM THE FUNCTIONS TEST
MAGAZINES SHOULD BE STRIPPED AND DRY CLEANED. NO ABRASIVE MATERIALS SHOULD BE USED 65

66. INSPECTION FOR DAMAGE
BOLT - CRACKS, ESPECIALLY IN THE CAM STUD RECESS AREA
FIRING PIN - BENT, CRAKED, BLUNTED
CAM STUD - CRACKED OR CHIPPED
FIRING PIN RETAINING PIN - BENT OR BADLY WORN
EXTRACTOR/ EXTRACTOR SPRING - CHIPPED OR BROKEN EDGES
RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY - ROD & SPRINGS ARE NOT BENT OR DAMAGED
COCKING HANDLE - CRACKS OR FRACTURES AND THAT THE LOCATING PIN IS NOT BENT OR DAMAGED
TMH - DAMAGE OR WEAR. ESPECIALLY THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH, HOLDING OPEN CATCH AND SAFETY CATCH
BODY - DAMAGE AND WEAR
GAS PISTON AND SPRING - CRACKS, BENT OR DAMAGED
GAS PLUG - CRACKS, OPERATES FREELY AND NOT BENT
GAS CYLINDER - CRACKS
MAGAZINE - BENT LIPS, DENTED, SPRING STRETCHED OR DISTORTED
AMMUNITION - CLEAN, DRY OR DAMAGED 66

67. CLEANING IN THE FIELD NEVER TAKE THE WEAPON APART FULLY
UNLOAD THE WEAPON
APPLY THE HOLDING OPEN CATCH
USE THE BARREL EXTENSION CLEANER TO OIL, CLEAN AND LIBERALLY LUBRICATE THE BARREL EXTENSION, FACE OF THE BOLT, LOCKING SPLINES AND CHAMBER
PULL THROUGH THE BARREL WITH LUBRICATED AND DRY FLANELETTE
REMOVE THE TMH AND USE THE GP SOFT BRUSH AND FLANELETTE TO LUBRICATE THE SAFETY CATCH, HOLDING OPEN CATCH, BOLT RELEASE CATCH AND TRIGGER MECHANISM.
LUBRICATE THE RECOIL RODS, SPRING AND BOLT CARRIER WHILST STILL LOCKED IN PLACE
REPLACE THE TMH AND RELOAD
OPEN THE GAS ASSEMBLY TOP COVER AND REMOVE THE GAS PARTS
REMOVE ANY LARGE CARBON DEPOSITS, RELUBRICATE AND ASSEMBLE 67

68. CLEANING IN ADVERSE CONDITIONS
HEAVY RAIN AND DAMP CONDITIONS
INSPECT FREQUENTLY FOR RUST
CLEAN AS NORMAL
DRY, SANDY OR DUSTY CONDITIONS
KEEP RIFLE DRY
SWEAT IN THE SUN AND WIPE CLEANAND DRY
REMOVE ABY OIL THAT IS USED IN THE CLEANING PROCESS
REMOVE GRIT FROM THE TMH AND MAGAZINE 68

69. LESSON 5 -HOLDING & AIMING IN THE PRONE POSITION69

70. THE 4 MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES
THE POSITION AND HOLD MUST BE FIRM ENOUGH TO SUPPORT THE WEAPON
THE WEAPON MUST POINT NATURALLY AT THE TARGET WITHOUT UNDUE PHYSICAL EFFORT
SIGHT ALIGNMENT AND SIGHT PICTURE MUST BE CORRECT
THE SHOT MUST BE RELEASED AND FOLLOWED THROUGH WITHOUT UNDUE DISTURBANCE TO THE POSITION 70

71. THE 4 MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES
IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT CADETS ARE CAPABLE OF FIRING THEIR RIFLE ACCURATELY AND INSTICTIVELY UNDER ALL CONDITIONS.
APPLYING THE MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES CAN BEST HELP ACHIEVE THIS
APPLYING THE MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES DEMANDS CONCENTRATION AND ALSO A DETERMINATION TO SHOOT WELL
THE FIRST 3 PRINCIPLES WILL BE COVERED IN THIS LESSON 71

72. THE PRONE UNSUPPORTED POSITION
GIVES THE FIRER GOOD SUPPORT
PRESENTS A SMALL TARGET TO THE ENEMY
IS THE LEAST TIRING
TWO VARIATIONS TO THE POSITION 72

73. THE PRONE UNSUPPORTED POSITION
ALIGNMENT ON THE TARGET
OPEN LEGS UNTIL FEET ARE SHOULDER WIDTH APART
TOES POINTING OUTWARDS
HEELS ON THE GROUND
ENSURE THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE BODY AND LEG IS IN LINE WITH THE RIFLE. THIS WILL GIVE MAXIMUM SUPPORT AND REDUCE THE RECOIL EFFECT.
POSITION 2
ADJUST BODY SO THAT IT IS ANGLED SLIGHTLY TO THE LEFT OF THE LINE OF FIRE
OPEN LEGS AND ENSURE LEFT LEG IS IN LINE WITH THE BODY 73

74. LESSON 6 - FIRING IN THE PRONE POSITION74

75. LESSON 7 - FIRING DRILLS 75

76. LESSON 8 - MECHANISM OF THE WEAPON, IMMEDIATE ACTION & STOPPAGES76

77. BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE
WHEN THE SAFETY CATCH IS ON S THE TRIGGER CAN NOT BE FULLY OPERATED
WHEN THE SAFETY CATCH IS MOVED TO F AND THE TRIGGER IS PRESSED, THE HAMMER IS RELEASED AND HITS THE REAR OF THE FIRING PIN.
THE FIRING PIN IS DRIVEN FORWARD ONTO THE PERCUSSION CAP IN THE CASE OF THE ROUND.
THE ROUND IS FIRED AND THE GASES PRODUCED DRIVE THE BULLET UP THE BARREL
SOME OF THE GAS ENTERS THE GAS BLOCK AND IS DIVERTED BY THE GAS PLUG INTO THE GAS CYLINDER.

78. BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE
THIS DRIVES THE PISTON TO THE REAR AND COMPRESSING THE PISTON SPRING
THE REAR OF THE PISTON STRIKES THE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY, FORCING IT BACKWARDS.
THE COMPRESSED PISTON SPRING RE-ASSERTS ITSELF AND DRIVES THE PISTON BACK TO ITS STARTING POSITION
THE BOLT IS UNLOCKED BY THE REARWARD MOVEMENT OF THE CARRIER FORCING THE CAM STUD DOWN THE STUD SLOT
AS THE CARRIER AND BOLT GO BACK THE HAMMER IS COCKED AS THEY PASS OVER IT.
THE EMPTY CASE IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE CHAMBER AND EJECTED OUT OF THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE.
THE RETURN SPRING IS COMPRESSED AND WHEN THE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY HITS THE BUFFER THE SPRING RE-ASSERTS ITSELF 78

79. BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE
AS THE CARRIER AND BOLT GO BACK THE HAMMER IS COCKED AS THEY PASS OVER IT.
THE EMPTY CASE IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE CHAMBER AND EJECTED OUT OF THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE.
THE RETURN SPRING IS COMPRESSED AND WHEN THE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY HITS THE BUFFER THE SPRING RE-ASSERTS ITSELF
AS THE BOLT IS PUSHED FORWARD IT FEEDS THE NEXT ROUND INTO THE CHAMBER
THE BOLT ROTATES AND LOCKS INTO THE BARREL EXTENSION
ONCE ALL PARTS ARE FULLY FORWARD AND LOCKED THE SAFETY SEAR IS RELEASED ALLOWING THE HAMMER TO MOVE TO ITS READY POSITION.
THIS WILL ALSO ONLY HAPPEN WHEN THE TRIGGER IS RELEASED. 79

80. IMMEDIATE ACTION (IA) DRILL
PERFORMED IF THE WEAPON FAILS TO FIRE AT ANY TIME
APPLY THE SAFETY CATCH
TILT THE WEAPON TO THE LEFT AND LOOK AT THE POSITION OF THE COCKING HANDLE
ACTION DEPENDS ON WHAT IS SEEN 80

81. STOPPAGE DRILLS Cocking Handle Fully Forward
‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’
IA DRILL
‘The Cocking Handle Fully Forward’
FORWARD ASSIST
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
CARRY ON FIRING

82. STOPPAGE DRILLS Loose Magazine
‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’
IA DRILL
‘Cocking Handle Not Fully Forward - Rounds In The Magazine’
IF WEAPON STILL FAILS TO FIRE AFTER CARRYING OUT THE DRILL FOR ‘Cocking Handle Fully Forward’
HOLD WORKING PARTS OPEN

83. STOPPAGE DRILLS Loose Magazine
IF THERE ARE ROUNDS IN THE MAGAZINE AND THE BODY AND CHAMBER ARE CLEAR…
CHECK THE MAGAZINE IS FITTED CORRECTLY
PUSH MAGAZINE UP INTO MAGAZINE HOUSING
OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
FORWARD ASSIST
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
CARRY ON FIRING 83

84. STOPPAGE DRILLS Obstruction
‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’
IA DRILL
‘Obstruction’
TILT THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT
HOLD THE WORKING PART TO THE REAR
IF THERE IS AN OBSTRUCTION IN THE CHAMBER…
REMOVE THE MAGAZINE
SHAKE OBSTRUCTION OUT 84

85. STOPPAGE DRILLS Obstruction
CHECK THAT THE CHAMBER IS CLEAR
‘Obstruction Clear’
REPLACE MAGAZINE
OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
FORWARD ASSIST
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
CARRY ON FIRING 85

86. STOPPAGE DRILLS Empty Magazine
‘Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops’
IA DRILL
‘Cocking Handle Fully To The Rear’
REMOVE THE EMPTY MAGAZINE
REPLACE WITH A FULL MAGAZINE
OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
FORWARD ASSIST
SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
CARRY ON FIRING 86

87. STOP!
APPLY THE SAFETY CATCH AND LISTEN FOR FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS 87

88. LESSON 9 - FIRING FROM OTHER POSITIONS88

89. LESSON 10 - AIMING OFF, ALTERATION OF SIGHTS AND MISS DRILL89

90. AIMING OF FOR ELEVATION AND DIRECTION
WHEN SHOOTING, THE STRENGTH AND DIRECTION OF THE WIND HAVE A DIRECT INFLUENCE ON THE FLIGHT PATH OF THE BULLET.
IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT YOU MAKE ALLOWANCES TO COUNTER THESE FACTORS
CHANGE THE POA TO OVERCOME ANY ERRORS IN ELEVATION AND DIRECTION
IF A SHOT HAS LANDED 300mm HIGH AND 100mm LEFT THEN RE AIM 300mm LOW AND 100mm RIGHT
IF FIRING AT SMALL TARGETS AIM AT THE BOTTOM OF THE TARGET

91. AIMING OFF FOR WIND
ONLY WIND BLOWING ACROSS THE FRONT AT RANGES GREATER THAN 100 METRES WILL DEFLECT THE BULLET SIGNIFICANTLY
AIM OFF TO ALLOW FOR THIS
YOU CAN DETERMINE THE WIND STRENGTH AND DIRECTION FROM ITS EFFECTS ON FLAGS, TREES AND BUSES
FRESH WIND
WIND HAS APPRECIABLE EFFECT ON BUSHES AND THIN BRANCHES OF TREES
WIND CAN BE FELT ON THE SIDE OF THE FACE
COULD CAUSE FLAGS TO STAND ABOUT HALFWAY OUT FROM THE FLAG POLE
STRONG WIND
WIND HAS A NOTICEABLE EFFECT ON TREE TOPS
LIFTS DUST OF DRY GROUND
RANGE FLAGS TEND TO STRAIN AWAY FROM THE FLAG POLE

92. AIMING OFF FOR WIND ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)

93. AIMING OFF FOR WIND

94. AIMING OFF FOR WIND ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)

95. AIMING OFF FOR WIND

96. AIMING OFF FOR WIND ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)
FRESH WIND AT 300 METRES
POA IS AT THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)

97. AIMING OFF FOR WIND

98. AIMING OFF FOR WIND ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)
FRESH WIND AT 300 METRES
POA IS AT THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on diagram)
STRONG WIND AT 300 METRES
POA IS ONE TARGETS WIDTH FROM THE CENTRE OF THE TARGET (3rd POA on diagram)

99. AIMING OFF FOR WIND

100. MISS DRILL IF YOU MISS THE TARGET CONTINUALLY…
AIM AND FIRE AT THE BASE OF THE TARGET
WATCH WHERE THE ROUND STRIKES
ADJUST YOUR POA ACCORDINGLY
ALWAYS ENSURE SIGHT ALIGNMENT REMAINS CORRECT WHEN ADJUSTING THE POA

101. LESSON 11 - USE OF COVER, CARRIAGE OF WEAPON & REACTION TO EFFECTIVE ENEMY FIRE
101

102. LESSON 12 - RIFLE ZEROING
102