1. CARTS INDEPENDENT Il Calamaro

2. Introduction Overview & Goals Design Philosophy Design and Fabrication  Hull  Propulsion  Control  Life Support System Safety Testing and Training Journal and Budget Closing

3. Overview & Goals Mission: To design and construct a one- man, non-propeller submarine that will success- fully complete the ISR course within a modest budget. Successfully complete the project and cross the finish line Recognize the contributions and knowledge of individuals we encounter on our journey and ensure we graciously acknowledge their contributions Gain project management, design and construction skills Maintain buoyancy

4. Design Philosophy Used materials that were on hand, or cheap and easily acquired As little outsourcing as possible, but used expertise from the community Primary concern: completion of functional submarine Hands- on approach

5. Hull Construction Ellipsoidal fore, cylindrical middle and paraboloidal aft; design based on pilot outline Rhino CADD program used to calculate size of disks, subsequently cut from 1, 2 and 3 in polystyrene Polystyrene disks skewered on rod and lathed to form plug shape, covered with drywall spackle, sanded, covered with plastic wrap and a coat of Johnson’s Paste Wax 5 layers of 10 ounce fiberglass applied with epoxy resin 1/3 of the hull plug at a time hatch, remove the polystyrene, and unskewered the hull.

6. Hull Construction – Buoyancy & Trim Buoyancy & Trim Recycled chicken feed sacks cut into 4X5” sections, sewn together and stuffed with 150 pennies; easily repositioned at the bottom of the hull by Velcro strips Amount of foam needed to make sub neutrally buoyant was calculated X amount placed in front and x amount in back Foam scored to form to hull and resined in place Three penny sacks Velcroed to bottom

7. Hull Construction - Windows Windows Inspired by Space Ship One design.118” acrylic heated in oven for 15 minutes and then pressed on mold Roughly 4-7” apart Attached to hull with epoxy mixed with hardner and filler Sanded down to eliminate sharp surfaces

8. Propulsion Early brainstorming sessions led to basic foundation of current propulsion design Pilot in prone position, resting on two symmetrical 1 ¼” aluminum shafts braised to a t-bar underneath The two shafts contain eight ft long aluminum pushrods that slide within Pedalblock attached to t-bar, attached to pushrods by cable

9. Control Dive planes  Inspired by nature  NACA airfoil 0012 cut into blueboard with polystyrene wedged between and covered with fiberglass  3/8 in threaded steel rod bent to 90 degrees and embedded in plane with epoxy resin  Rods enter the hull 1/3 from nose and below the midline  Rods attach to ½ in aluminum electrical conduit bent to 22 degrees to form a handlebar Stabilizers  Design  4 stabilizers fixed to the hull at the rear of the vessel, spaced at 90 degrees

10. Life Support VO2 max testing at University of Maryland for both pilots Testing suggested 40 cubic ft tank sufficient to meet ISR regulations for each run Submarine includes:  63 cubic ft tank with octopus attachment  13 cubic ft pony bottle with single regulator attachment

11. Safety Components Emergency Buoy Emergency Hatch Release Beacon Harness Release Pedals/Shoes

12. Testing & Training

13. Acknowledgements: Donors & Supports Knights of Columbus, JFK Council, Accokeek, MD Knights of Columbus, JFK Council, Accokeek, MD Josh Urban Chris and David McDonald Marianne Retrum Jimmy Walls & Mid- Atlantic Foam Tony & Gayle Carts Lowe’s Bike Doctor Waldorf, MD Bike Doctor Waldorf, MD St. Mary’s Sodality, Clinton MD Ferris Apiaries Marbury, MD Ferris Apiaries Marbury, MD Anne-Marie Ramsey Charles County Parks and Recreation Professor James Hagberg, Staff and UMCP Grad Students NaviSafe Bryan’s Road Building Supply & Staff Carts-Ingram Family John Balazek John Hollyfield OceanMarine Ray Rye Raytheon Carl Gotzmer Hans Haucke Russ Elkins Fredrick Jeffrey Frese Chris Satterwaite Joe Blue

14. Journal & Budget CategoryAmount Spent Development$375 Hull$1185 Windows & Hatch$50 Propulsion$1300 Buoyancy & Trim$220 Steering$30 Life Support$750 Emergency Systems$65 Race Day Logistics$1000 Documentation$30