1. Why DSO in Africa (really) Matters and How to Handle it? ICT Conference on Broadband Access to all in East Africa Kampala, Uganda 15 – 19 April 2013

2. Why DSO in Africa (really) Matters and How to Handle it?  A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges 3.An Agenda To Mitigate Opportunity Cost of the Status Quo  Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide 2.Step 2 – A Pilot Project 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program 2

3. Positives of DSONegatives of DSO The Digital Dividend – New spectrum for mobile broadband The cost of the transmission infrastructure More efficient TV transmission signals, cheaper spectrum bills The cost of Set Top Boxes Greater number of channels, greater diversity (entertainment, sport, vernacular languages and education) Paying for new channels Extending the TV transmission area to allow more people to watch TV The environmental burden of analogue equipment disposal Increasing availability of local content Getting benefits from converged broadcast delivery and channels for feedback An opportunity to review and improve the benefits offered by public broadcasting 3 A no-brainer for better or for worse?

4. 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity a.Better use of broadcasting as knowledge infrastructure b.More and Faster Broadband Internet c.DSO, Broadband and Economic Growth 4

5. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 5

6. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 6

7. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 7

8. Why DSO in Africa (really) Matters and How to Handle it?  A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges 3.An Agenda To Mitigate Opportunity Cost of the Status Quo  Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide 2.Step 2 – A Pilot Project 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program 8

9. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges a.DSO is costly 9

10. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges a.DSO is costly 10

11. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges b.DSO is lengthy 11 DTT rollout in Mauritius 1998National Digital Broadcasting Committee set up by Government Frequency planning done 1999Government of Mauritius chooses DVB-T for future digital terrestrial television services 2001TDF / MCML / MBC carried out a pilot test transmission 2004Soft launch of single DTT Multiplex from 2 sites, Malherbes and Signal Mountain with 6 TV programmes (70% coverage 2005Official Launch of DTTB in Mauritius with 70% coverage 200618 gap-fillers increased coverage to 100% 12/20 07 100,000 DTT set-top boxes sold (30% penetration) 20082 nd DTT Multiplex – 6 TV programmes 2010Launch of 3 rd DTT Multiplex – 5 programmes 2013ASO

12. A no-brainer for better or for worse? SADC Roadmap for Digital Broadcasting 12 Stakeholder consultation, including a communications strategy Development of harmonized frequency plans Licensing of/and conduct DTT trials Consumer awareness Simulcast/dual illumination period Digital dividend review Monitoring and review Timeline2009201020112012201320142015

13. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 13 Status#Countries Total countries54 look unlikely to meet the ITU’s 2015 deadline 43Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo-Brazzaville, Cote d’Ivoire, Djibouti, DRC, Egypt. Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe Policy paper or Task Force/Committee 11Benin, Botswana, Cameroon, Ghana, Mali, Senegal, Zambia, Congo-B, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger Pilots6Angola (short one), Burundi (commercial), CAR (small-scale), DRC (small-scale), Guinea (small-scale), South Africa Note: Only 2 of which (Angola and South Africa) look likely to lead to public transition process. Launched9Algeria, Gabon (private), Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria (Star Times/NTA), Rwanda (Star Times), Tanzania (Star Times/TBC), Tunisia, Uganda Note: No policy yet announced in Nigeria Completed1Mauritius

14. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges c.DSO is almost every member of a society Consumers Broadcasters Wireless Broadband Providers Governments 14

15. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges d.Policy and regulatory Issues Licensing process Additional digital channels Spectrum plan Structure, governance and financing of signal carrier A framework for a low-cost set-top box A switchover plan Public awareness body and a campaign 15

16. Why DSO in Africa (really) Matters and How to Handle it?  A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges 3.An Agenda To Mitigate Opportunity Cost of the Status Quo  Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide 2.Step 2 – A Pilot Project 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program 16

17. A no-brainer for better or for worse? 3.An Agenda To Mitigate Opportunity Cost of the Status Quo a.Avoid Widening of the Digital Divide b.Avoid Hampering of the efforts to use Broadband c.Avoid interference and duplication of initiatives 17

18. Why DSO in Africa (really) Matters and How to Handle it?  A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges 3.An Agenda To Mitigate Opportunity Cost of the Status Quo  Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide 2.Step 2 – A Pilot Project 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program 18

19. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide The Guide Purpose Identify the public benefits of the DSO process Offer distilled wisdom from countries – both in Africa and elsewhere Identify specific policy choices Identify practical activities 19

20. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide Guide Outline – Five Modules 20

21. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide Guide Outline – Five Modules 21

22. Why DSO in Africa (really) Matters and How to Handle it?  A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges 3.An Agenda To Mitigate Opportunity Cost of the Status Quo  Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide 2.Step 2 – A Pilot Project 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program 22

23. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 2.Step 2 – A Pilot Project - eWaste  E-waste and health issues Increase the number of devices Old TV sets being shipped out Availability of substandard decoders Broader issues of electromagnetic radiation 23

24. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 2.Step 2 – A Pilot Project - eWaste  Objectives Establishing a working group Developing an environmental management strategy Establishing guidelines and standards Inclusion of relevant guidelines Creating public awareness Establishing a recycling 24

25. Why DSO in Africa (really) Matters and How to Handle it?  A no-brainer for better or for worse? 1.A Massive One Time Opportunity 2.Attached to Considerable Challenges 3.An Agenda To Mitigate Opportunity Cost of the Status Quo  Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 1.Step 1 – A Practical Guide 2.Step 2 – A Pilot Project 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program 25

26. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program a.Component 1 – Enabling Legal and Regulatory Environment Spectrum auditing Liberalization Security and state integrity Open access approaches to program production Financial modeling and loan support to help implement the signal carrier approach Support for local content policies Support for the development of policies 26

27. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program b.Component 2 – Mitigating Market Failures Invest in subsidy schemes for STBs Investment in e-waste programs Rural electrification – vital in providing power in the many areas where there is none 27

28. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 3.Step 3 – A Strategic Program c.Supporting Regional Collaboration Promotion of best practices for speedy implementation Cross border co-ordination Setting up of the bodies for devising practical strategies to speed up the DSO process National multi-stakeholder consultation processes 28

29. Undertaking DSO process in Cameroon 29 Merci ! jbezzina@worldbank.org