1. National Medicines Policies Richard Laing EDM/PAR

2. WHO - EDM 2 History of National Drug Policies z1985 Nairobi Conference of Experts on rational Use of Drugs z1987 Working group of Experts to draft guidelines for NDP’s z1988 Guidelines for NDP’s released  1995 Expert Committee on NDPs met report issued z2002 New Guidelines published

3. WHO - EDM 3 Background to NDP’s zNeed for common framework to coordinate many different actors in the pharmaceutical field: zThese include regulators (quality, safety and efficacy), producers (local & international), users (prescribers & consumers), health planners & managers, health finance authorities and researchers. zEach have valid interests in the field which may be contradictory or supportive zInvolves both public & private sectors

4. WHO - EDM 4 Components of a NDP zLegislation, Regulation and Guidelines zSelection of Drugs zSupply (incl. procurement & production issues) zQuality Assurance zRational Drug Use zEconomic Strategies for Drugs zMonitoring & Evaluation of NDP’s zResearch zHuman Resources Development zTechnical Cooperation among Countries

5. WHO - EDM 5 Overview of Components zEach component has a crucial part in the overall policy! zEmphasizing one component at the expense of others, weakens the entire policy zMany different actors are involved. Some are outside MoH, some outside government, some outside country zMeans that NDP planners need to be aware, though not expert, in all areas!

6. WHO - EDM 6 Many Actors Involved! Some pro, some against! zDoctors, specialists, public/private zPharmacists retail and manufacturing zLocal and international producers, importers zConsumers/Patients zMedia zRegulators zInsurance Companies zEtc, Etc,

7. WHO - EDM 7 Characteristics of a National Medicines Policy z Essential part of health policy, must fit within the framework of a particular health care system. z Goals should be consistent with broader health objectives z Health policy and the level of service provision in a particular country are important determinants of drug policy and define the range of choices and options. z Implementation of an effective drug policy promotes confidence in and use of health services.

8. WHO - EDM 8 Global Pharmaceutical Market 2002 $406 billion Market projected to grow 7.8% annually Source www.ims-global.com/insight/report/global/report.htm 1.3% 5% US, Europe & Japan 78%