1. Ch. 8

2. pH Scale  Used to measure how acidic or basic a substance is  Ranges from 0-14

3. Acids  Have H + (hydrion) ions  pH: 0-6.9  Properties Sour taste React with metals Turn indicator RED  Ex: lemon juice, milk

4. Bases  Have OH - (hydroxide) ions  pH: 7.1-14  Properties Bitter taste Have a slippery feel (like when you get bleach or cleaners on your hands) Turns indicator BLUE  Ex: bleach, antacid

5. Neutral  pH: 7  Ex: PURE water (tap water, bottled water, etc. are not PURE because there are minerals added to them)

6. pH Scale

7. Buffers  A weak base or acid used to NEUTRALIZE a strong acid or base Weak base neutralizes a strong acid Weak acid neutralizes a strong base  Salts are produced when neutralization occurs Ex: HCl + NaOHNaCl + H 2 O  Ex: using an antacid for heartburn Heartburn – caused by stomach acid (STRONG ACID) entering the esophagus Antacid – products like Tums and Rolaids (WEAK BASE)