1. pH The wonders of water!

2. Acids Any compound that GIVES OFF H+ ions in solution Any compound that GIVES OFF H+ ions in solution Ex. HCl H+ and Cl- Ex. HCl H+ and Cl- Traits: Traits: Sour Sour Burns in high concentrations Burns in high concentrations Common acids: Common acids: Juices, vinegar, HCl Juices, vinegar, HCl Add water

3. Bases Any compound that GIVES OFF OH- ions in solution Any compound that GIVES OFF OH- ions in solution Ex. NaOH Na+ and OH- Ex. NaOH Na+ and OH- Traits: Traits: Slippery Slippery Burns in high concentrations Burns in high concentrations Common Bases: Common Bases: Soaps, detergent, ammonia Soaps, detergent, ammonia Add water

4. Neutralization Equal amounts of acid and base together Equal amounts of acid and base together Acid (HCl) + Base (NaOH) _________________ HOH and NaCl = H 2 O (water!) and salt! What do you take when stomach is upset?? (HINT: What digestive factor is in the stomach??) What do you take when stomach is upset?? (HINT: What digestive factor is in the stomach??) Antacids! (made of calcium carbonate…a weak base!) Antacids! (made of calcium carbonate…a weak base!)

5. pH Scale Measures concentration (STRENGTH) of acid or base Measures concentration (STRENGTH) of acid or base Acids: 1 – 6.9 (low pH) Acids: 1 – 6.9 (low pH) Which is a stronger acid, pH 1 or pH 5? Which is a stronger acid, pH 1 or pH 5? pH 1 pH 1 Indicators: Indicators: Litmus paper = RED, pH paper = RED Litmus paper = RED, pH paper = RED Neutral: 7 Neutral: 7 Indicators: Indicators: Litmus paper = NO CHANGE, pH paper = GREEN Litmus paper = NO CHANGE, pH paper = GREEN Bases: 7.1 – 14 (high pH) Bases: 7.1 – 14 (high pH) Which is a stronger base, pH 8 or pH 13? Which is a stronger base, pH 8 or pH 13? pH 13 pH 13 Indicators: Indicators: Litmus paper = BLUE, pH paper = BLUE Litmus paper = BLUE, pH paper = BLUE

6. pH Scale pH Scale activity