1. OAS #1 Review: “Unit 4 (History + Civics of SW Asia)” 7 th Grade Social Studies Tuesday, October 9, 2012

2. SS7H2 SS7H2: – “The student will analyze continuity and change in SW Asia (Middle East) leading to the 21st Century.”

3. SS7H2a When the Ottoman Empire was broken into pieces by the Europeans, the artificial boundaries created led to: – Regional conflict

4. SS7H2b Anti-Semitism: – Prejudice against Jews Zionism: – Movement to create Jewish homeland in Palestine Holocaust: – Time period during WWII when millions of European Jews were killed

5. SS7H2b Due to the Jewish connection to the land, high amounts of anti-Semitism, the Zionism movement, and the effects of the Holocaust: – In 1948, The United Nations divided the land of Palestine between the Arabs and the Jews – Ultimately, most of this land became the modern State of Israel

6. SS7H2c Conflict continues in the Middle East due to: – Historical claims to the same land Since the end of World War II: – Religion has played a major role in creating conflict in the Middle East

7. SS7H2d Persian Gulf War (Conflict) [1991]: – Began when Iraqi troops invaded Kuwait and threatened billions of barrels of oil – U.S. forced Iraqi troops to withdraw from Kuwait – (protect its oil interests) + (protect Israel)

8. SS7H2d Invasion of Afghanistan [2001]: – In response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks – U.S. troops eliminated members of the Taliban, which was offering safety to al-Qaeda (the terrorist organization responsible for 9/11) – (combat terrorism)

9. SS7H2d Invasion of Iraq [2003]: – U.S. believed that Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) – Saddam Hussein was removed from power, but no WMDs were found – (protect its oil interests) + (combat terrorism)

10. SS7CG4 SS7CG4: – “The student will compare and contrast various forms of government.”

11. SS7CG4a Unitary: – Power is held by one central authority Confederation: – Voluntary associations of independent states Federal: – Power is divided (shared) between one central government and several regional governments

12. SS7CG4b Autocracy: – One person has unlimited power, and the citizen has no role in the government Oligarchy: – A small group has power, and the citizen has a limited role in the government Democracy: – A government in which supreme power is vested with the people; the citizen has high amounts of voting rights and personal freedoms

13. SS7CG4c Parliamentary Democracy: Power is held by the legislature Executive power is held by the prime minister Presidential Democracy: President is constitutionally independent of the legislature President is elected in an open and free election

14. SS7CG5 SS7CG5: – “The student will explain the structures of the modern governments of SW Asia (Middle East).”

15. SS7CG5a State of Israel: – Parliamentary democracy: Although there is a president, the prime minister holds executive power

16. SS7CG5a Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: – Absolute monarchy (autocracy) led by a king who inherits power – Low amounts of voting rights and personal freedoms (especially for women)

17. SS7CG5a Islamic Republic of Iran: – Theocratic Republic: Government ruled by religious law – Presidential democracy: The president and parliament members are elected by citizens