1. LUBRICANT & LUBRICATION

2. Crude Oil Gasoline Kerosene Fuel Oil Oil Lubricant H.C. Oil Wax
n-Parafin
Gasoline
Kerosene
Fuel Oil
Oil Lubricant
H.C. Oil
Wax
Aromatic
S & N
Contaminant
psi
Hydrocracking
Catalitic Treatment
430 – 550 C
Additives
H.C. Lube Oil

3. Chemical Additives
1. Oxidation Inhibitor (O)
2. Rust Inhibitor (R)
3. Anti Wear & Extreme Pressure (EP)
4. Friction Modifier (W )
5. Detergent & Dispersant (D)
6. Pour-point Depressant (P)
7. Foam Inhibitor (F)
8. Viscosity Index Improver (VI)

4. Tabel hal. 25

5. Synthetic Oil
Hydrocarbon Poly Alpha-Olefins (PAOs)

6. t = m dU/dy Viscosity U Y F h X Newtonian Fluid F/A = m U/h
m = (F/A) / (U/h)
m = Shear Stress / Shear Rate

7. m = Absolute Viscosity (Dyne.s/cm2 - Poise)
v = Kinematic Viscosity
r = Density (grm/cm3)
v = m / r (Stoke – St)
(cSt – mm2/s)
Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS)

8. Tabel hal, 28

9. Viscosity vs Temperature
log. log (v + 0.7) = A – B log T
T = Temperature
v = Kinematic viscosity
A, B = Constants – given oil

11. Vogel Equation
b = Viscosity-Temp. Coeff

12. Viscosity Index

13. L = Viscosity (40C) dari zero-VI oil
H = viscosity (40C) dari 100-VI oil
U = vsicosity (40C) dari Unkown-oil

14. ASTM
Y = Viscosity cSt(100 C) unkown oil

15. Viscosity vs Pressure
a = Pressure-viscosity Coeff.

16. Roelands Equation
C = konstanta – unit (196.1 MPa atau psi)
Z = 0.6
= 0.4 – 0.8 synthetic oil