1. Tk

2. Toolkit n Wish - windowing shell –touch fileName –chmod +x fileName –xedit fileName & –#!/usr/local/bin/wish n Widgets - eg Buttons, Labels, Frames n Geometry - Placer and Packer n Bindings - Events n Wumpus Interface

3. Widgets n Example of widgets : –Frame –Label –Button –Checkbutton –Radiobutton –Menubutton –Menu –Entry –Text –Canvas –Scrollbar –Scale –Listbox –Toplevel

4. Creating widgets Example a button : button.button -text “Hello world” -foreground red -command { destroy. } pack.button -padx 1.0c -pady 1.0c

5. Bindings n Attached to an Event –ButtonPress –ButtonRelease –Enter –KeyPress –KeyRelease –Motion –Leave bind.button {.button configure - activeforeground green } bind.button {.button configure - background blue }

6. Geometry n Geometry managers control widget placements n Widgets appear only when told to by the geometry manager n Algorithm for arranging positions n Placer –Simple –Allows programmer to say exactly where objects appear n Packer –Side –Padding –Filling –Expansion

7. The Wumpus World.frame4.label.frame4.agenttype.frame5.label.frame5.seed.frame.set.frame2.frame.step.frame3.frame.run.a.frame.quit.frame.pic canvas.a.frame2.label.frame2.value.frame3.label.frame3.execute