1. TREN 1F90 Introduction to Sustainability

2. http://www.brocku.ca/tren/ courses/tren1f90/ These notes available via the online course outline on Isaak / Sakai or (after lectures) at:

3. TREN 1F90 Introduction to Sustainability u u Definitions – –multi-, inter-, and trans- disciplinarity – –environment – –policy – –scale – –jurisdiction u u Elements of Sustainable Development

4. What do you answer if someone asks you, – – What is your major?

5. What do you answer if someone asks you, – –What is your major? – –What are your career goals after university?

6. career goals academic major professional identity Normativecategories

7. doctor lawyer police officer mechanic paramedic Normativecategories

8. linguistics psychology mathematics biology sociology Normativecategories “disciplines”

9. Ivory tower academia

12. This network of disciplines shows how different areas in the large JSTOR collection of scholarly journals are connected. Thicker lines represent more back-and-forth journal citations; thinner lines indicate less communication. Original work by biologists Carl T. Bergstrom and Jevin D. West. - Howard, Jennifer (2011) – Chronicle of Higher Education, 24 Sept 2011 Improving communication amongst disciplines: Academic to academic

13. Baron, Nancy. 2010. Escape from the Ivory Tower: A Guide to Making Your Science Matter. Island Press. 272 pp. Improving communication amongst disciplines: academics to the public

14. Making the POLICY CONNECTION

15. disciplinary disciplinary Multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary Transdisciplinary - what are the differences? Reference: Stefanovic, Ingrid. 1996. Interdisciplinarity and Wholeness: Lessons from Eco-Research. and Wholeness: Lessons from Eco-Research. Environments 23(3): 74-94. Environments 23(3): 74-94.

16. Disciplinary: u of or pertaining to a discrete branch of learning u knowledge within generally accepted boundaries

17. Disciplinary: u often associated with discipline-specific vocabularies, methods, and assumptions u Examples of disciplines: sociology, philosophy, biology, political science, chemistry, economics, geography, mathematics... sociology, philosophy, biology, political science, chemistry, economics, geography, mathematics...

18. Multidisciplinary: u standard disciplinary approaches are applied to a common research question, problem or issue u insights achieved through an approach which is essentially additive rather than integrative

19. Multidisciplinary: u a spontaneous coalescence of these different approaches is anticipated u arguably the approach which produces the most substantive research results

20. ISSUE

21. discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline

22. Interdisciplinary: u the issue, problem, or concern defines the disciplinary expertise which is brought to bear …arguably the most effective policy- oriented problem-solving approach

23. Interdisciplinary: u a level of integration which involves more than an additive analysis of the disciplinary perspectives u insights are achieved through an approach which is explicitly integrative -> an attempt is made beforehand to synthesize across disciplinary boundaries

24. ISSUE

26. disciplinediscipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline

27. sector sector ISSUE sector sector

28. Transdisciplinary: u recognizes the interconnectedness of all aspects of reality and knowledge u Goal: distinctions amongst disciplines are eliminated completely

29. Transdisciplinary: u “an attempt to transcend the dynamics of a dialectical synthesis to grasp the total dynamics of reality as a whole” u Examples of transdisciplinary endeavour: –general systems theory –phenomenology

30. disciplinediscipline ISSUE discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline disciplinediscipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline discipline

31. definitions, tools and frameworks

32. en·vi·ron·ment [n] 1 : the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which one is surrounded 1 : the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which one is surrounded 2 a : the complex of physical, chemical, and biotic factors (as climate, soil, and living things) that act upon an organism or an ecological community and ultimately determine its form and survival 2 a : the complex of physical, chemical, and biotic factors (as climate, soil, and living things) that act upon an organism or an ecological community and ultimately determine its form and survival b : the aggregate of social and cultural conditions that influence the life of an individual or community. b : the aggregate of social and cultural conditions that influence the life of an individual or community. - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, 2012

33. environment [n] the totality of surrounding conditions. [n] the totality of surrounding conditions.

38. environmental effects … are felt, and modified, in 3 main ways - through the flows of: … are felt, and modified, in 3 main ways - through the flows of: MATERIALS MATERIALS ENERGY ENERGY INFORMATION INFORMATION -> fundamental ‘spheres of influence’ for sustainability -> fundamental ‘spheres of influence’ for sustainability

39. policy … a course or general plan of action to be adopted by a government, party, person, etc. … a course or general plan of action to be adopted by a government, party, person, etc. - Concise Oxford Dictionary

40. policy …a selected, planned line of conduct in the light of which individual decisions are made and coordination achieved …a selected, planned line of conduct in the light of which individual decisions are made and coordination achieved - Webster’s Encyclopedic Dictionary

41. ENVI conceptual tools

42. scale - an ordered series of graduated quantities, values, degrees, etc. - relative magnitude - Webster’s Encyclopedic Dictionary

43. scale may be: - physical / geographical - physical / geographical –ranking based upon size, dimension, geographical subunit, etc. - ecological - ecological –individual, deme, community, population - jurisdictional - jurisdictional –local, municipal, regional, federal, global

44. scale earthcontinentcountryprovinceregionmunicipalityneighbourhoodhouseholdindividual United Nations..governments.. ngos / community groups. individuals individuals GLOBAL / MACRO LOCAL / MICRO spatial jurisdictional / decision making jurisdictional / decision making

45. jurisdiction - the legal power to administer and enforce the law - the exercising of this power - the region within which this power is valid, or in which a person or agency has authority - authority - Webster’s Encyclopedic Dictionary

46. jurisdiction Tourism case study: Access and signage on the Laura Secord Legacy Trail Tourism case study: Access and signage on the Laura Secord Legacy Trail Friends of Laura Secord community group want to create a trail that approximates the 32 km walk taken by Laura Secord on 22 June 1813

47. jurisdiction u Seek designation and marking of a simple footpath on existing trails or walkways from Queenston to Thorold

48. jurisdiction More than 25 jurisdictions involved: u Town of NOTL u City of Niagara Falls u City of St. Catharines u City of Thorold u Regional Municipality of Niagara u Ontario Power Generation u Ontario Ministry of Transportation (QEW crossing) u Parks Ontario (Short Hills Provincial Park) u Niagara Parks Commission u Bruce Trail Club u 11 private landowners along Bruce Trail u St. Lawrence Seaway Authority (canal bridge) u Stamford Volunteer Firemen’s Association u Brock University u Niagara College

49. jurisdiction Jurisdictional agreements / permissions: u MTO (QEW crossing) u MNR / Parks Ontario (Env. impact assessment; pedestrian bridge crossing on 12 Mile Creek) u Fisheries and Oceans Canada (fish habitat impacts) u NPCA (watershed management concerns) u OPG / City of St. Catharines (liability and land access agreements) u Niagara Regional Police (road crossings) u Niagara Parks Commission (road crossings, access)

50. jurisdiction Signage: Installation requires - –Approval of design and materials –Permission for installation on land in different jurisdictions –Permission from individual pole / post owner: hydro, phone, cable TV, municipal traffic poles, lighting poles –Use of approved labour, or appropriate tendering of contracts, for new pole installation and mounting of signs –Maintenance plan for future