1. Technically Demanding Cement Grout Applications
Canadian Diamond Drilling Association
Vancouver, BC
May 29, 2008
Technically Demanding
Cement Grout Applications
Involving Diamond Core Drilling
Peter White, P.Eng

2. Diamond Core Drilling
for Grouting Projects:
In The Hole

3. Diamond Core Drilling
for Grouting Projects:
In The Hole
Around The Hole

4. Diamond Core Drilling
for Grouting Projects:
In The Hole
Around The Hole
Beyond The Hole

5. Diamond Core Drilling
for Grouting Projects:
In The Hole
Around The Hole
Beyond The Hole
Typically Bad Ground Conditions

6. Recent Diamond Drilling Contractors
with Technical Grouting Projects:
Boart Longyear (FNX Podolsky)
Forage Orbit Garant (FNX Podolsky)
Major Drilling (Goldcorp & Diavik)
Progressive Drilling (PCS Picadilly)
Hy-Tech Drilling (McArthur River)

7. Grouting Project Profiles
Agnico-Eagle, Finland
Goldcorp, Red Lake, Ont.
Hsuehshan Tunnel, Taiwan
Pan American Silver, Peru

8. Water-Bearing Formations
Agnico-Eagle, Finland
Kittilä Mine
Ventilation Raise
Through
Water-Bearing Formations

9. Problem: To Seal Water-Bearing Formations
Agnico-Eagle, Finland
Problem:
To Seal Water-Bearing Formations
Prior to Vent Raise Excavation

10. Solution: Systematic Perimeter Drill Hole Pattern
Agnico-Eagle, Finland
Solution:
Systematic Perimeter Drill Hole Pattern
Down Stage Cement Grouting
Grouting Strategy
Specified Grout Mixtures
Target Grouting Parameters

11. Raise Bore Machine Tent
Overburden
5 m
Water-Filled
25 m
40 m
Broken
40 m
Fractured

12. 4 m dia Raise Bore Reamer

13. Typical Raise Bore Enclosure

16. Drill Casings for Electrical Cables

17. Drill Casings for Mine Backfill Pipes

18. Diamec U6 Drill Rig

19. Cemix 203 H Colloidal Mixer

20. Cemag 403 H Agitator Tank

22. Key Elements for Success:
Agnico-Eagle, Finland
Key Elements for Success:
Experienced Contractor
Appropriate Drilling and Grouting Equipment
Selection of Suitable Cements for Site Conditions
Appropriate Use of Grouting Additives
Consistent Range of Grout Formulations
Target Grout Volumes and Decision Criteria
Limited Duration Grouting Operations

23. Major Water-Bearing Fracture
Goldcorp
Red Lake Mine
Ventilation Raise
With
Major Water-Bearing Fracture

24. Problem: To Seal Water-Bearing Fault In Pilot Hole at 400 ft Depth
Goldcorp, Red Lake Ont.
Problem:
To Seal Water-Bearing Fault
In Pilot Hole at 400 ft Depth
And Reduce 20 GPM Water Inflow
Before Reaming Raise to 18 ft Dia

25. Solution: Plug Pilot Hole to Stop Water Inflow
Goldcorp, Red Lake Ont.
Solution:
Plug Pilot Hole to Stop Water Inflow
Systematic Perimeter Drill Hole Pattern
Microfine Cement Grouting

26. Overburden
15 inch dia Pilot Hole
400 ft
Water-Bearing Fracture
20 GPM

27. Diamond Drill
Overburden
400 ft
HQ Drill Rods +
Safety Cable
Water-Bearing Fracture
Inflatable Packer + Internal Valve

28. 40 ft
40 ft
Water
Circulation
400 ft
Grout
Hole
Grout
Hole
25 ft
25 ft

29. 400 ft
Grout
Hole
Grout
Hole
Drain
Water
Column

30. 400 ft
Grout
Hole
Grout
Hole
Remove
Inflatable
Packer
2 GPM

40. Foot Clamp & Safety Cable Sheave Wheel

41. Safety Cable Sheave Wheel
HQ Drill Rods in 15 inch Hole

42. 6240
6180
6200
6220
6260
6280
Hole # 4
400 #4
26 ft
380 #2
Hole # 1
16 ft #5
Hole # 5
33 ft
80 ft Circle
50 ft Circle
Vent Raise
at Surface
24 ft
360
Hole # 3 #1 #6
Hole # 6
33 ft
37 ft
340
26 ft #3
Hole # 7 #7
Hole # 2
320
Red solid lines indicate surveyed hole trajectory
from surface to approximately 400 ft
Tan Tag Tight Hole - zero or low grout consumption
Yellow Tag - grout consumption in between tan & green holes
Green Tag - Open Hole - high grout consumption
Blue Circle Numbers indicate grouting sequence
Goldcorp
Vent Raise Grouting 2005
Grout Hole Survey Results
P White November 3, 2005

43. Hole # 12
#12
6240
6180
6200
6220
6260
6280
Hole # 4
400 #4
26 ft
380 #2
Hole # 1
16 ft
20 ft #5
Hole # 5
#11
Hole # 8
20 ft
Vent Raise
at Surface
80 ft Circle
24 ft
360
Hole # 3 #1 #6
Hole # 6
16 ft
25 ft
16 ft
340
#10
13 ft
13 ft #8
Hole # 9
16 ft
Hole # 11 #3
Hole # 7 #7
Hole # 2
320
Red solid lines indicate surveyed hole trajectory
from surface to approximately 400 ft
Tan Tag Tight Hole - zero or low grout consumption
Yellow Tag - grout consumption in between tan & green holes
Green Tag - Open Hole - high grout consumption
Blue Circle Numbers indicate grouting sequence
Hole # 10 #9
Goldcorp
Vent Raise Grouting 2006
Drill Hole Locations
P White April 11, 2006

44. Key Elements for Success:
Goldcorp, Red Lake Ont.
Key Elements for Success:
Innovative Approach to Eliminate Groundwater Movement
Appropriate Drilling and Grouting Equipment
Water Pressure Testing To Assess Site Conditions
Selection of Suitable Cements
Gyro-Survey to Plot Drill Hole Positions

45. Exploration Drillhole
Hsuehshan Tunnel
Taiwan
Exploration Drillhole In
Blocky Ground

46. Hsuehshan Tunnel,Taiwan
Problem:
To Drill Long Exploration Holes
In Advance of Tunnel Heading
Previous Contractor Could Not
Drill Beyond 100 m

47. Hsuehshan Tunnel,Taiwan
Solution:
Controlled Drilling
Fast-Setting, High-Strength Grout
Downstage Grouting Methods
Using Inflatable Packers

50. Hsuehshan Tunnel Project
Twin m Dia
Road Tunnels
Wirth TBM
4.8 m Dia
Pilot Tunnel
Robbins TBM

57. Hsuehshan Tunnel Project
Tunnel Portal
<- 2,000 m
Tunnel Advance ->
Exploration Drillhole
Drill Station

58. Hsuehshan Tunnel,Taiwan
Challenges:
Limited Success with Conventional Drilling (P>H>N>B>A)
Client & Contractors With Limited Grouting Experience

63. Portion of
Drill Hole
Previously
Drilled
and
Grouted
Deteriorating
Drilling
Conditions
Difficult
Drilling
Conditions
Drilling
Direction
Satisfactory
Drilling
Conditions

64. Pump Accelerated Set Time High Strength Cement Grout
Inflatable
Packer
Here
Pump Accelerated Set Time
High Strength Cement Grout
Only at Bottom of Hole
Drilling
Direction
Grout Formulation:
Low W:C Ratio
Warm Water
Cement
CaCl

65. Hsuehshan Tunnel,Taiwan
Key Elements for Success:
Innovative Drilling Contractor Seeking Solutions
Grouting Knowledge & Relevant Experience
Appropriate Drilling and Grouting Equipment
Fast-Setting High-Strength Cement Grout

66. Pan American Silver
Unidad Huaron
Peru
Shaft Sinking In
Water-Bearing Ground

67. Pan American Silver, Peru
Problem:
To Drill and Grout
In Advance of Shaft Sinking
From Upper Level Access
With High Rates of Water Inflow

68. Pan American Silver, Peru
Solution:
Controlled Drilling
Controlled Grouting
Downstage Grouting Methods
Using Inflatable Packers

70. Existing Shaft Zone to Be Grouted Prior to Shaft Sinking
COTA 4207
COTA 4232
COTA 4163
COTA 4112
15 m
10 m
Existing Shaft
Zone to Be Grouted
Prior to Shaft Sinking
Drill Hole Pattern
Water-Bearing
Fault Zone
Shaft Station &
Loading Pocket

76. Pan American Silver, Peru
Key Elements for Success:
Innovative Mining Company Seeking Solutions
Grouting Knowledge & Relevant Experience
Appropriate Drilling and Grouting Equipment
Down Stage Drilling & Grouting Methods

77. Looking For
Water Inflow
Problems??

81.
(800)