1. How did Hitler turn the Chancellorship into a dictatorship by 1934?

2. Great Depression during 1930s Total Control of State by a Dictator
Black Tuesday stock market crashes
Treaty of Versailles
Great Depression during 1930s
Totalitarianism
Increasing influence of new political parties that emphasize state control -For example: Communism, Nazism, Fascism
Total Control of State by a Dictator

3. Hitler became Chancellor January 1933
The depression after the Wall Street Crash made many more people vote for the Nazis. In 1933 Von Papen convinced Hindenburg that Hitler should become Chancellor.
Hitler became
Chancellor
January 1933

4. The Reichstag Fire
February 1933

5. The Reichstag Fire The Reichstag building burnt down.
A communist was found inside the building. He admitted responsibility.
Chancellor Hitler was able to convince people that the Communists were trying to take power by terrorism.
He was able to have the Communists banned from the Reichstag.
February 1933

6. The Enabling Act
With the Communists banned from the Reichstag Hitler was able to pass:
HITLER CAN
RULE ALONE
FOR FOUR
YEARS. THERE
IS NO NEED TO
CONSULT THE
REICHSTAG.
March 1933

7. THE ENABLING ACT GAVE HITLER THE POWER TO MAKE HIS OWN LAWS
THE ENABLING ACT GAVE HITLER THE POWER TO MAKE HIS OWN LAWS. SO, HE BANNED ALL OTHER POLITICAL PARTIES!
KPD
SPD
SPD- Social Democrats KPD- Communists DDP- German Democratic Zentrum- German Centre Party (Catholic)
DDP
Zentrum

8. Political prisoners
were put in
concentration camps
run by the S.S.

9. The Night of the Long Knives
Now I have got rid of opposition political groups, I can now deal with opposition in my party. Ernst Rohm (an old friend), head of the S.A. is very unpopular with the German army leaders. They have the power to overthrow me.I’ve been worried about Rohm for a while, so this is a good excuse.
June 1934

10. The Night of the Long Knives
Hitler had to get rid of Rohm. He was too much of a threat.
On the night of 30th June 1934 Hitler’s S.S. killed over 1000 SA members including Rohm.
The army were pleased.
Hitler had gained the support of the army.

11. The death of President Hindenburg A final note PRESIDENT HINDENBURG’S
DEATH GAVE HITLER THE
OPPORTUNITY TO COMBINE
THE ROLE OF CHANCELLOR
AND PRESIDENT. HE CALLED
HIMSELF ‘DER FUHRER’.
August 1934

12. Oath of loyalty to Adolf Hitler
Every soldier swore a personal oath of loyalty to ADOLF HITLER.

13. So, how did he become
a dictator legally?

14. Der Fuhrer HITLER BECAME CHANCELLOR THE REICHSTAG FIRE THE ENABLING
ACT
Der Fuhrer
OATH OF
LOYALTY TO
HITLER
THE NIGHT
OF THE
LONG
KNIVES
DEATH OF
PRESIDENT
HINDENBURG

15. Now, how did Hitler consolidate his power?

16. Nazi Military State GESTAPO: the Secret State Police
SS (Schutzstaffel): Defense Corps “black shirts”, an elite guard unit formed out of the SA
SA (Sturmabteilung): Stormtroopers "brown-shirts" early private Nazi army that protected leaders and opposed rival political parties
Lebensraum (living space): concept that emphasized need for territorial expansion of Germany into east
Wehrmacht: German army
HJ (Hitler Jugend): Hitler Youth
Einstazgruppen: Nazi Death Squad; mobile killing units
Volk: all inclusive concept of nation, people and race, implying the superiority of German culture and race; led to policy of Volksgemeinschaft (idea of a harmonized racial Nazi community in government policies and programs)

17. High nationalism and parades

18. rallies

19. Book
burnings

20. Propaganda

21. “The Eternal Jew” Depiction of a Jew holding gold coins in one hand and a whip in the other. Under his arm is a map of the world, with the imprint of the hammer and sickle. Posters like this promoted a sharp rise in anti-Semitic feelings, and in some cases violence against the Jewish community.
This Nazi propaganda poster reads, ‘Behind the enemy powers: the Jew.

22. YOUTH