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Foreign Policy related to the War of 1812 “ The Young Republic”
President Washington through President Monroe
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Foreign Policy Summary
Monroe’s Monroe Doctrine 1 Madison’s War of 1812 Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase Embargo Act Adams’ XYZ Affair Alien & Sedition Act Washington’s Neutrality
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Washington President Washington remains neutral in the European War between France and Great Britain Jay’s Treaty and Pinckney’s Treaty prevent war 2
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Adams & The XYZ Affair 3 France attacks U.S. Ships going to Great Britain for trade To stop the attacks Adams sends a peace delegation The French ask for money to stop attacking !
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XYZ Affair Grows! 4 5 U.S. refuses to pay the bribe and builds a navy
U.S. fights an undeclared naval war with France while Adams sends more people to the peace talks in France 5
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XYZ Affairs ends 6 France stops the attacks
France was afraid it was pushing the U.S. into helping the British!
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President Adams Adams increases the army and navy to defend the nation against French attacks. Adams negotiates the Convention of 1800 which brings peace between the French and U.S. navies 7
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Alien & Sedition Acts Adams & the Federalists pass these laws that were trying to reduce the power of the Democratic- Republicans Alien Act – lengthens the time aliens had to wait for citizenship from 5 to 14 years ! Sedition Act – fines or jail for people who say or write things against the Federalists ! Against RAPPS & the 1st amendment ! 8
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Thomas Jefferson 9 British warships stop American ships at sea and “impressed” U.S. sailors into the British Navy 1807 HMS Leopard attacks USS Chesapeake and removes sailors… 3 Americans killed
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President Jefferson : Tripoli War U.S. fights the Barbary Pirates
From 1801 to 1805 the U.S. Army and Navy fight a war in North Africa to stop attacks on U.S. shipping by the Tripoli pirates U.S. defeats pirates U.S. won’t be attacked without fighting back! 10
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Jefferson Passes Embargo Act of 1807
To stop British attacks on shipping and impressment of U.S. sailors, Jefferson & Congress forbid U.S. ships to sail to any foreign ports This causes a huge economic problem… Why? Trade stops 11
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Louisiana Purchase 1803 1803 : Jefferson buys the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million! That is 3 cents / acre Lewis & Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase from 1804 – 1806 Doubles the size of the nation 12
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Lewis & Clark Expedition
13 Lewis & Clark Expedition Meriwether Lewis & William Clark led expedition Purpose: to find a water route to the Pacific & gather scientific information Indian woman Sacagawea acted as guide and translator
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Results of Lewis & Clark Expedition
14 Accurate maps were made to help settlers move west Fur trade expanded as trappers went into the Rocky Mountains L & C wrongly called the west a “desert”. This made many think the plains were bad farmland
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President James Madison Causes of the War of 1812
15 President James Madison Causes of the War of 1812 Great Britain continues to mess with our shipping b/c of its war with France Thousands of U.S. sailors are “impressed” into the British navy. (kidnapped forced to be a British sailor)
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War of 1812 “Key” Battles 16 Washington D. C Burned 1814 – capitol and the Presidential Mansion British defeat France and send thousands of soldiers to fight the U.S.
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Invasion of Chesapeake Bay
After Burning Washington D.C. the British try to capture Baltimore, Maryland The Star Spangled Banner “O say can you see” is written during the attack. Francis Scot Key was the author 17
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Star Spangled Banner Our national anthem !
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Battle of the Thames U.S. troops defeat a combined British and Native American army lead by Tecumseh. Gen. William Henry Harrison becomes a hero ! This is the last big Indian War east of the Mississippi River 18
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Battle of New Orleans Britain tries to Capture New Orleans and the Mississippi River Gen. Andrew Jackson is sent to defend the city 19
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Battle of New Orleans 20 Jackson crushes the British Britain 2000 KWM
U.S. 24 KWM ! Battle fought two weeks after peace treaty ! Weird ! Jackson and Harrison become hero presidents ! 20
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President James Monroe
With the end of the War of 1812, the U.S. begins to look at things here in our hemisphere and not so much in Europe Spain loses colonies in America We decide to help keep Europe from making new colonies ! 21
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President James Monroe
22 Europe Stay Out ! Monroe issues the Monroe Doctrine Mexico, Bolivia, and other nations will no longer be colonies… so don’t try it! U.S. will protect them U.S. will stay out of European stuff & Europe will stay out of our hemisphere
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Foreign Policy Summary
Monroe’s Monroe Doctrine 23 Madison’s War of 1812 Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase Embargo Act Adams’ XYZ Affair Alien & Sedition Act Washington’s Neutrality
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