1. Hydrates (11.5)
Hydrate- compound with a specific amount of water molecules bound to it

2. Hydrates are often used as drying agents or desiccators because they can absorb moisture
Silica gel- used in electronic equipment packaging, cat litter

3. Chemicals that do not contain water in their structures are called anhydrous (without water)
Hydrates are easy to spot because their formulas show the water molecules
Anhydrous cobalt (ii) chloride Cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate CoCl2 CoCl2 x 6H2O

4. To determine hydrate formula
Determine moles of water and of anhydrous compound
Find x = moles of water
moles of anhydrous compound
Plug in x
Formula for compound X H2O

5. A hydrate is found to have the following percent composition: 48
A hydrate is found to have the following percent composition: 48.8% MgSO4 and 51.2% H2O. What is the formula of the hydrate?

6. If g of CuCl2 is heated, 9.25 g of anhydrous cobalt chloride remains. What is the formula for the hydrate?

7. A mass of 2.50 g of blue hydrated CuSO4 x H2O) is placed in a crucible & heated. After heating, 1.59 g white anhydrous copper sulfate (CuSO4) remains. What is the formula?

8. A mass of 2.50 g blue hydrated copper sulfate (CuSO4 x XH2O) is place in a crucible and heated. After heating, 1.59 g of copper sulfate remains. What is the formula for the hydrate?

9. What is the mole ratio of the hydrate CuSO4 x ___H2O, if the anhydrous mass of CuSO4 is 25.42g and mass of water is 14.3 g?

10. What is the mole ratio of hydrate Na2CO3 x ____ H2O, if the original mass of the hydrated Na2CO3 was g and the mass of the anhydrous Na2CO3 is 16.19g?