1. MRI CAT Scan Concussions

2. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)  A TBI occurs when an ___________ force damages the brain  Classified as:  __________________________  Signs and Symptoms:  __________________________ Causes of Fatal TBI’s

3. Sarah Burke  Canadian Free Style Skier  4x Winter X-Games Gold Medalist  Injured while training in Utah  Fell onto her head and ruptured her vertebral artery  Died on January 19 th, 2012

4. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

5. MRI (cont.)  Produce electronic cross-sectional images of the human _______, ________, and _________: 1. _________________ current causes the nuclei or certain atoms in the body to align magnetically 2. Then ____________ cause the aligned nuclei to “__________” returning to their original positions when radio waves are withdrawn 3. _________________ movement of nuclei cause make two-dimensional computer picture  The image is _________________ by ________  Diagnose tumours and disorders of the ________, ______________, _____________ and ________ _____________________

6. Computerized Axial Tomography Scan

7. CAT Scan- Computerized Axial Tomography  Uses _________ technology:  Rotating x-ray tube disperses a set amount of x radiation around the tissue  Scanner takes _________ of the tissue from different angles  Computer program forms a composite image from all the angles captured by camera  ______________ ways of assessing damage (sports injury)  ________________ on head injuries and associated damage to the spine

8. CAT Scan vs. MRI MRICAT Scan Use/Application Uses (ionizing) Radiation Time Cost

9. Concussions

10. What is a Concussion?  Result from a blow to the head (______________________).  Definition: A clinical syndrome characterized by ________ and transient ______ of neural function  Seriousness of a concussion is graded on the ________ Scale

11. Famous Concussion Cases

12. What does a Concussion Look Like?

13. Concussion Grading Scale – Cantu Scale (updated as of 2001)  Grade I  ______ loss of consciousness  Less than ___________ of post-trauma signs and symptoms  Grade II  Loss of consciousness for ______ than _____ minute  Post-trauma symptoms between _________________  Grade III  Loss of consciousness for _______ than ____ minute  Post-trauma symptoms for ___________

14. Return to Play? – Cantu Scale (updated as of 2001) Grade1 st ConcussionSubsequent Concussions Grade I Grade II Grade IIIa (unconscious for 1-2 minutes) Grade IIIb (unconscious for 2+ minutes) ***Must be symptom free @ _______and DURING ______________***

15. Concussion Outcomes  Outcomes:  __________ – 30%  ______________ - 10%  _________________________________ – 60%

16. Concussions in the news  You will be getting into groups of 4 or 5  In your group you will be given an article to read as a group  You will then become the “expert” on your article by working through the brief handout  We will then mix up the groups so you can discuss your article and see comparisons or differences with other groups!