1. HIGHER PE SWIMMING PREPERATION OF THE BODY Lecture 3

2. Data Collection  It is vital that before we start a programme of improvement, that we measure our initial levels of fitness  We can measure our fitness in a number of different ways  Observation Schedules  Standardised tests / Out with the activity  Training diaries  Knowledge of results (whole performance)

3. Data collection Often useful to use both fitness tests and whole performance to collect performance info Often useful to use both fitness tests and whole performance to collect performance info –Fitness results can therefore support whole performance findings –Example for speed, 50m FC full speed plus 1min sprint shuttles and find average speed per shuttle Objective information Objective information If both times inproved = fitness improved If both times inproved = fitness improved However if pool times didn’t improve but land times did, FC technique is questioned regarding pool times but your fitness has improved However if pool times didn’t improve but land times did, FC technique is questioned regarding pool times but your fitness has improved

4. Types of Data We are going to focus on We are going to focus on  Knowledge of results (whole performance) to collect our INITIAL DATA  Observation schedules & Standardised Tests to collect our FOCUSED DATA

5. Knowledge of Results TIME, DISTANCE COVERED, HEART RATE TIME, DISTANCE COVERED, HEART RATE –Information about these areas helps us gather initial data about our fitness levels in the pool NOTE OF CAUTION!!! – These do not provide definitive answers : Be careful not to come to the wrong conclusions NOTE OF CAUTION!!! – These do not provide definitive answers : Be careful not to come to the wrong conclusions These can be measured against previous performances These can be measured against previous performances

6. Knowledge of Results Examples ENDURANCE SWIM (10min any stroke) ENDURANCE SWIM (10min any stroke) –10-12 lengths group 3 –13-15 lengths group 2 –16 + lengths group 1

7. Data Collection After coming to the conclusion that there is a problem with one aspect of fitness, we need to get more FOCUSED DATA After coming to the conclusion that there is a problem with one aspect of fitness, we need to get more FOCUSED DATA We can do this by using Observation Schedules & STANDARDISED TESTS We can do this by using Observation Schedules & STANDARDISED TESTS

8. Data Collection Observation schedules are useful tools for assessing fitness levels as: Observation schedules are useful tools for assessing fitness levels as:  They provide us with information about our performance related fitness (within the activity)  They are flexible – you build in to your observation schedule the variables you want to measure (number of breaths or arm pulls per length)

9. Data Collection Try to analyse this observation schedule Try to analyse this observation schedule  What does it show about the performers cardio- respiratory endurance?  When in the performance does the performers technique “drop-off”?  See the table provided in your Leckie & Leckie booklet (p37) to see the effects of fatigue on arm and breathing performance during the test

10. Data Collection Note – this observation schedule was designed to show the “drop off” or deterioration of skills which result from the on-set of fatigue Note – this observation schedule was designed to show the “drop off” or deterioration of skills which result from the on-set of fatigue “If the performer lacks cardio-respiratory endurance I would expect their skills to deteriorate quicker. As they improve their cardio- respiratory endurance I would expect them to last longer and be able to perform the skills more consistently throughout their performance”

11. Data Collection Observation schedules are most accurately completed when you use a video camera. This allows you to: Observation schedules are most accurately completed when you use a video camera. This allows you to:  Watch the performance over and over again  Stop/start the video when you want  Slow/speed up the action  MOST IMPORTANTLY – Ensures the data you have collected is accurate!

12. Data Collection Standardised tests allow us to measure our fitness levels in a controlled fashion Standardised tests allow us to measure our fitness levels in a controlled fashion We can also use them to compare our result to what is the ‘norm’ for our age group/performance level We can also use them to compare our result to what is the ‘norm’ for our age group/performance level Standardised test are also very useful as they allow us to complete the test over and over(under the same conditions) to monitor improvements/deterioration of performance Standardised test are also very useful as they allow us to complete the test over and over(under the same conditions) to monitor improvements/deterioration of performance

13. Data Collection Why are these methods appropriate? Allow us to focus on our own performance Allow us to focus on our own performance Allow us to look at various aspects of fitness Allow us to look at various aspects of fitness It shows our performance level in a competitive game situation It shows our performance level in a competitive game situation It is in a game against players of a similar ability It is in a game against players of a similar ability Data is collected over a significant period of time Data is collected over a significant period of time Creates a permanent record for comparison Creates a permanent record for comparison

14. Data Collection If I did an 8 week training programme for cardio-respiratory endurance, how many tests would I do? If I did an 8 week training programme for cardio-respiratory endurance, how many tests would I do? Who would complete the tests? Who would complete the tests? How do we ensure all the tests are the same/all the data is valid? How do we ensure all the tests are the same/all the data is valid?

15. Data Collection Answer – 5!! Answer – 5!!  1 To collect my initial data (observation schedule)  1 to collect my focused data (Standardised test)  1 after 4 weeks of my programme to see if their has been any improvement (repeat of standardised test)  1 at the end of 8 weeks to measure improvements at the end of the programme (repeat of standardised test)  1 more observation schedule to see if improved cardio- respiratory endurance has impacted on my overall performance.

16. Data Collection The same person who monitored the tests in the first instance would monitor the rest – to ensure consistency The same person who monitored the tests in the first instance would monitor the rest – to ensure consistency Standardised tests help ensure validity of data – tests always done under the same conditions with the same variables. Standardised tests help ensure validity of data – tests always done under the same conditions with the same variables.