1. Information and Software Technology
Option: Artificial intelligence, simulation and modelling
Information and Software Technology

2. Wordle Go to http://www.wordle.net/ Learn how to use it
Create a Wordle for this topic!
Information and Software Technology

3. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
What is INTELLIGENCE?
Ability to reason
Ability to acquire and use knowledge
Ability to perceive ideas
Ability to manipulate objects
What is AI?
Ability of computers to imitate human behaviour and thought processes.
Information and Software Technology

4. AI where is it at?
Information and Software Technology

5. Historical Perspective of AI
Ancient Greek philosopher
Aristotle (384 – 322BC) logical reasoning form the basis of many AI systems.
Aristotle Info
Information and Software Technology

6. Historical Perspectives of AI
Alan Turing (1912 – 1954) created the Turing machine that could perform logical operations.
The Turing test is where a human has to determine if the response was generated by a computer or a human.
Who Was Alan Turing
The Enigma
Information and Software Technology

7. Historical Perspectives of AI
The Future?
Would you like to know more?
HW Page 169 Exercise 8.1 q’s 1 - 4
Information and Software Technology

8. Areas of AI Major areas of AI DVC “I,video” Intelligent Systems
Expert systems and Knowledge Bases
Neural networks
Games
Natural language
Robotics
DVC “I,video”
Information and Software Technology

9. Autonomous
Information and Software Technology

10. Asimo
Information and Software Technology

11. Areas of AI
An Artificial Intelligent system is a computer system that receives data through an input device such as a mouse, keyboard or microphone and produces an intelligent response.
Can you find one on the Internet and paste the link into Wallwisher!
Information and Software Technology

12. Expert systems
Expert systems are computer programs that make the collective knowledge of various experts in a field available to the user. They are built on knowledge bases.
Information and Software Technology

13. Expert systems Examples of expert system include Medical expert system
Voice recognition system
Travel navigation expert system
Financial systems
Information and Software Technology

14. Expert System Example Investigate an expert system.
place your findings on our Wallwisher site.
Information and Software Technology

15. PREZI Create a PREZI on something to do with AI (can not be a movie)
Include pictures and video.
Present a 5 Minute PREZI to the class.
Information and Software Technology

16. Neural networks
A computer system that works like the human brain and is capable of learning.
Watch video
Information and Software Technology

17. AI Terminology
Knowledge bases – a centralised repository for information. Computers can be programmed to use rules based on set conditions. IF-THEN rule.
IF this knowledge exists (premise) THEN do this (conclusion).
Information and Software Technology

18. AI Terminology
Agents – A piece of software designed to search through databases for relevant data. Used in neural networks to search vast amounts of data.
Information and Software Technology

19. AI Terminology
Demons – A program that springs to life when it is relevant. Allow computers to be self-modifying.
HW Page 175 Exercise 8.2 q’s 1-4
Information and Software Technology

20. Modelling and simulations
Model – a simpler version of a real world object or idea.
Modelling – process of creating a model.
Information and Software Technology

21. Modelling and simulations
Computer model – an electronic representation of an object or idea.
Simulation – the process of imitating real-life occurrences in order to test a model.
Information and Software Technology

22. Purposes of Modelling and Simulations
Spreadsheets
Financial Planners
Car Manufacturers
Training Simulators
Drilling Simulators
Space Shuttle Missions
Scientific Simulations
Astronomers
Information and Software Technology

23. Advantages and Limitations
Safer, cheaper and quicker to use a model.
More efficient and minor changes to the models can be easily altered.
Life Like?????
Information and Software Technology

24. Advantages and Limitations
Might be the only method for training (astronauts).
The simulation is only as good as the model that was created.
Information and Software Technology

25. Advantages and Limitations
Models are often too simplistic and lead to inaccurate results.
HW Page 178 Exercise 8.3 q’s 1-4
Information and Software Technology

26. Requirements of Models and Simulations
Hardware
Can take a lot of time to build the required hardware.
The hardware needs fast processing
Parallel processing (linking of two or more processing units within the one computer) is often used.
Large amounts of storage space is required.
Information and Software Technology

27. Requirements of Models and Simulations
Software
Required to carry out complex computations.
Specifically designed to suit the model.
Information and Software Technology

28. Simulators
A hardware device that imitates certain environments. Used for training and experiments to simulate movement.
Information and Software Technology

29. Simulators Flight simulators
Used to train pilots and provide realistic feelings of flying
Has working replica of cockpit, computers, projectors and screens.
Information and Software Technology

30. Homework Exercise 8.4 q’s 1 - 4
Simulators
Car simulators
Good for learner drivers.
Virtual reality games
Users usually wear a head-mounted display that presents computer images to each eye and sounds through earphones.
Homework Exercise 8.4 q’s 1 - 4
Information and Software Technology

31. Simulators
Information and Software Technology

32. Spreadsheets If
Then
Else
Information and Software Technology