1.  Which bioenergetic reaction converts food in to a usable form of energy, ATP?  Which bioenergetic reaction converts the sun’s energy into a chemical form of energy, glucose?  Where does this reaction happen?

2. 10/2/12

3.  All energy on Earth comes from the sun

4.  Autotrophs store energy from the sun in matter in a process called photosynthesis.  Autotrophs are also called producers.

5.  Heterotrophs get their energy by eating autotrophs.  Heterotrophs are also called consumers.

6.  Both autotrophs and heterotrophs release the potential energy stored in matter by cell respiration.

7. Energy from the sun is captured by chloroplasts Mitochondria change the energy made by the chloroplasts into fuel for the grass to grow. The bunny eats the grass for energy

8.  Bioenergetics, independent practice  Silent  Seated  Solo

9.  What is the safest way to get out of a building 5 story building?  Walking down stairs  Jumping out the window  Why?

10.  What is the safest way to get out of a building 5 story building?  Walking down stairs  Jumping out the window

11.  The reason why going down stairs is less dangerous is because the speed of the drop is controlled.  The fast, big drop is changed into smaller, slower drops. vs.

12.  The same thing happens in your body.  If you released all of the potential energy stored in matter at once, your body would light up in flames.

13. How does your body release energy safely?

14.  When you digest food, your body transfers small packets of energy from the food that you ate to a biological molecule called Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). ATP

15.  After all of the energy is squeezed out of the food that you ate and transferred to ATP molecules, the dead matter is excreted.

16. Cell PartNumber of molecules per cell Molecules synthesized per second ATP required per second needed for synthesis DNA10.0008360,000 RNA15,00012.575,000 Lipids15,000,00012,50065,000 Proteins1,700,0002,120,00087,000 Polysaccharides39,00032.52,120,000

17.  ATP is found in every cell of your body.  Every cell in your body uses ATP to do work.  ATP is cellular energy.  Your body is entirely powered by ATP

18.  Write “Adenosine Triphosphate” 1. On your paper 2. On your neighbor’s paper

19.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V_xZuC PIHvk

20.  ATP is made of:  Adenine (A)  Ribose (sugar)  3 phosphates (P)

21. Prefixes: Mono 1 Di2 Tri 3

22.  Watch as Ms. Kuipers demonstrates the process of converting (changing) energy from food into a form that cells can use. In the space below, record what happens during her demonstration. (What important steps do you think you are observing?)

23.  Energy is stored in between the phosphate bonds.

24.  When a phosphate is broken off of ATP, energy is released.  This is kinetic energy that can be used to do work.

25.  Energy is stored in the new phosphate bond.  This is potential energy that is stored.

26.  1. Cellular respiration makes ATP by joining phosphate groups to ADP to make the ATP  2. The cell uses the ATP to do work. As part of this process the chemical bond between the 3rd phosphate group in the ATP is broken and energy is transfered to other molecules of the cell and lost as heat.  3. ADP and phosphate produced by the breakdown are now recycled into cellular respiration.

27.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ya7fUke wjdA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ya7fUke wjdA

28.  2H2 + O2  2H2O

29.  Na+ + OH-  NaOH

30. NaCl  Na + + Cl -

31.  2KClO3  2KCl + 3O2

32.  AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3

34.  Which of the following correctly describes how organisms use the ADP molecule? a) Organisms release energy for use by removing one phosphate group from the molecule. b) Organisms break down maltose into a simpler sugar for use in protein-building. c) Organisms absorb energy by adding one phosphate group to the molecule. d) Organisms convert ADP into sugar to provide the organisms with a more usable form of energy.