1. Energy Fact or Fiction:
Determine if the following statements are fact or fiction

2. Fact or Fiction Petroleum is the ultimate source of energy on Earth.
Traditional sources of energy come from plants.
Fossil fuels are available in limitless supplies.
The stored energy in petroleum originally came from the Sun.
Natural gas is formed from the remains of living things.

3. Fact or Fiction Alternative energy sources are renewable sources.
Solar heating uses fans to distribute heat.
There are no drawbacks to using hydroelectric power.
Energy obtained directly from heat in the earth’s crust is called geothermal energy.

4. Fact or Fiction
Wind is one of the least expensive ways to produce electricity.
Nuclear fuel is a nonrenewable resource.
No greenhouse gases are released from nuclear power plants.
Biomass energy sources are nonpolluting.
Shale oil is profitable to extract and refine.

5. Traditional Energy Resources

6. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Petroleum is the ultimate source of energy on Earth.
Fiction
Traditional sources of energy come from plants.
Fact

7. Transfer of Solar Energy
The Sun is the ultimate source of energy on Earth.
Fuels are materials that are burned to produce heat or power.

8. Traditional Sources of Energy
Wood
most commonly used biomass fuel
Used for thousands of years

9. Traditional Sources of Energy
Field Crops
Used as fuel when wood is scarce.
The simplest way – burn them

10. Traditional Sources of Energy
Fecal Material
Feces are the solid wastes of animals.
used when have limited forest resources

11. Traditional Sources of Energy
Peat
formed when dead plant material is compressed in a bog
burns better than wood
a fossil fuel

12. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Fossil fuels are available in limitless supplies.
Fiction

13. Fossil Fuels formed over geologic time
nonrenewable -- millions of years

14. Fact or Fiction – Answers
The stored energy in petroleum originally came from the Sun.
Fact

15. Fossil Fuels
formed from plants and animals that lived 300 million years ago in swamps and oceans
the plants and animals died and decomposed under tons of rock and ancient seas

16. Fossil Fuels
Coal
formed from compressed organic matter in ancient swamps.

17. Fossil Fuels
Petroleum
natural crude oil
formed in shallow seas

19. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Natural gas is formed from the remains of living things.
Fact

20. Fossil Fuels Natural Gas Methane -- bacteria
colorless, shapeless, and odorless

21. Alternative Energy Resources

22. Alternative Energy Resources
Petroleum - 50 years??
Coal years??
At current usage rates!
Are rates going to stay the same?

23. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Alternative energy sources are renewable sources.
Fact (most of them)

24. Solar Energy The Sun is the ultimate source of energy on Earth.
The main advantages
Free
No pollution

25. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Solar heating uses fans to distribute heat.
Fiction

26. Solar Energy Passive Solar Heating Sun shining through a window
Sun shining on bricks, asphalt – heat can be released at night.

27. Solar Energy Active Solar Heating solar panels collect light
fans and pumps distribute heat

28. Solar Energy Photovoltaic Cells
convert solar energy into electrical energy that is stored in batteries

29. Fact or Fiction – Answers
There are no drawbacks to using hydroelectric power.
Fiction

30. Hydroelectric Power energy produced by moving water
20% of the world’s electricity

31. Aswan High Dam

32. Three Gorges Dam

33. Three Gorges Dam

34. How it Works

35. Advantages Controls flooding Low operating and maintenance costs
No polluting waste products
Long (but finite) life spans
Areas of recreation

36. Disadvantages Controls flooding Large flooded areas; people displaced
Slow moving water  pathogen breeding ground
Destroy habitat
Disrupt fish migration

37. Disadvantages Sedimentation Expensive to build Destroys rivers
Dredging
Sediments don’t enrich farmland
Expensive to build
Destroys rivers
Earthquakes

38. More Dams?
Not in US -- why not?
Outside US?

39. Tidal Power Energy from the Oceans
energy in waves used to generate electricity
may disrupt coastal and marine ecosystems

40. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Energy obtained directly from heat in the earth’s crust is called geothermal energy.
Fact

41. Geothermal Energy
energy produced by steam and hot water generated by Earth’s own internal heat

42. Geothermal Energy Advantages: Disadvantages: abundant and reliable
must be managed carefully
contains large amount of minerals - pollution
Transporting is not practical

43. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Wind is one of the least expensive ways to produce electricity.
Fact

45. Wind Energy Wind  mechanical energy  electrical energy
Most wind farms are in California,
ND, SD, and TX have the best locations
10% of the world’s electricity by the year 2050

46. Wind Energy Advantages: Disadvantages: virtually unlimited
nonpolluting
can be built quickly
inexpensive, but only in areas with steady winds
Disadvantages:
not very attractive
may interfere with and even kill birds
requires land lease/purchase

47. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Nuclear fuel is a nonrenewable resource.
No greenhouse gases are released from nuclear power plants.
Fact

48. Nuclear Energy
During nuclear fission, atoms are split, releasing large amount of energy
Uranium is commonly used
17% of the world’s electricity

49. Nuclear Energy

50. Nuclear Energy
No new nuclear plants have been built in the United States since 1978.
Poor management
Costs
poor designs

51. Nuclear Energy Advantages Disadvantages Lots of energy available
No greenhouse gases
Uranium available
Disadvantages
Nuclear waste storage
Radiation accidents
Weapons?

52. Nuclear Energy

53. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Biomass energy sources are nonpolluting.
Fiction

54. Biomass
Biomass is a renewable energy resource – as long as the organisms are replaced.
Not wood, field crops
Disadvantage
release carbon dioxide and particulate matter

55. Biomass Ethanol Methanol Made from sugar and grain crops Grain alcohol
Made mostly from natural gas
Wood alcohol

56. Biomass Biogas Biodiesel Made from plant and animal waste
Manufactured from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled restaurant greases

57. Fact or Fiction – Answers
Shale oil is profitable to extract and refine.
Fiction

58. Energy from Oil Shale and Tar Sand
Oil shale is heated to form oil known as shale oil.
The cost of processing oil shale is higher than the cost of traditional crude oil.
requires lots of energy
produces air and water pollution

59. Powering the Planet