1. Study of NDVI, Land Surface Temperature using Landsat (TM) Data
Mirza Muhammad Waqar
Contact:
EXT:2257
RG610
Course: Introduction to RS & DIP

2. Landsat TM( )

3. Calculating Slope for Band= 3, 4 and 6
LMAX_BAND1 =
LMIN_BAND1 =
LMAX_BAND2 =
LMIN_BAND2 =
LMAX_BAND3 =
LMIN_BAND3 =
LMAX_BAND4 =
LMIN_BAND4 =
LMAX_BAND5 =
LMIN_BAND5 =
LMAX_BAND6 =
LMIN_BAND6 = 1.238
LMAX_BAND7 =
LMIN_BAND7 =
Slope= (LMAX-LMIN)/(Max Gray)
Slope(B3)= ( )/(255)=
Slope(B4)= ( )/(255)=
Slope(B6)= ( )/(255)=

4. Calculating Radiance for Band= 3, 4 and 6
LMAX_BAND1 =
LMIN_BAND1 =
LMAX_BAND2 =
LMIN_BAND2 =
LMAX_BAND3 =
LMIN_BAND3 =
LMAX_BAND4 =
LMIN_BAND4 =
LMAX_BAND5 =
LMIN_BAND5 =
LMAX_BAND6 =
LMIN_BAND6 = 1.238
LMAX_BAND7 =
LMIN_BAND7 =
Radiance= Slope*DN + LMIN
R(3)= *B
R(4)= *B
R(6)= *B

5. Calculating Radiance for Band= 3, 4 and 6

6. Calculating Brightness Temperature using Planck's Black Body Radiation Law
TB = K2/Log{(K1/R6)+1)}
Where:
K1 = Calibration constant 1 ( watt/m2 * ster * µm) K2 = Calibration constant 2 ( K)

7. Calculating Surface Temperature
Surface Temperature= TB /{1+(λ *BT/ρ*logε)}
TB= Brightness Temperature λ = Wavelength of emitted radiance (11.5 µm) ρ = h x c/σ =1.438 x 10-2 mK (σ=Boltzmann constant=1.38 x J/K, h=Planck’s constant=6.626 x Js, c=velocity of light=2.998 x 108 m/s)
ε = Land surface emissivity

8. Calculating Land surface emissivity (LSE)- ε
LSE (ε) can be extracted by using NDVI considering three different cases
Bare ground
Fully vegetated and
Mixture of bare soil and vegetation
For Band 6 of Landsat TM
ε = 0.004*Pv
Pv is the proportion of vegetation which is given by
Pv = [(NDVI-NDVImin)/(NDVImax-NDVImin)]2

9. Calculating Pv
NDVI = [Ref(B4)-Ref (B3)}/{Ref (B4)+Ref(B3)} Pv

10. Pv = [(NDVI-NDVImin)/(NDVImax-NDVImin)]2

11. Calculating ε
LSE
ε = 0.004*Pv

12. Calculating ε
Logε

13. Calculating Surface Temperature
Surface Temperature= TB /{1+(λ *BT/ρ) *logε}
λ = Wavelength of emitted radiance (11.5 µm) ρ = h x c/σ =1.438 x 10-2 mK (σ=Boltzmann constant=1.38 x J/K, h=Planck’s constant=6.626 x Js, c=velocity of light=2.998 x 108 m/s)

14. Land Surface Temperature (LST)