1. The Written Report Notes on How to Read and / or Write Empirical Research Articles

2. Stratification of Journals – Three Tiers – Tier One – Journals distributed by a national organization or top Research One University e.g. American Sociological ReviewAmerican Sociological Review – Tier Two – Journals distributed by a regional organization or Top Private Firm – (edited and externally reviewed) e.g. Sociological PerspectivesSociological Perspectives – Tier Three – Journals published by local or web based organizations - (edited but not externally reviewed). e.g. Electronic Journal of SociologyElectronic Journal of Sociology

3. The Written Report - Sections Title Abstract The Four Components Appendix

4. The Written Report - Sections Report Title (what to look for) The DV typically comes after this phrase The IV typically comes before this phrase Seek out the phrase “effects on”

5. The Written Report - Components Abstract (what to look for) Statement of the Research Keywords for Search Engines Summary of the Findings

6. The Written Report - Components Part I - Introduction Importance of the topic Review of the Literature Discussion of the problem/issue Statement of the Propositions

7. Part II - Methods Description of the Population/Sample Description of Instrument / Operationalizations The Written Report - Components Procedure Followed to Obtain Data

8. The Written Report - Components Part III - Results Restatement of each hypothesis Presentation of statistical data (e.g. tables) -------------------------- Table-1 about here --------------------------

9. The Written Report- Components Part IV - Discussion Interpretation of results re: the hypotheses Limitation of sample, procedure, analysis Suggestions for further research

10. The Written Report Appendix (what to look for) References / Bibliography - MLA APA ASAMLAAPAASA Tables, Graphs and Figures Footnotes

11. Reference Format Comparison Books: 1(MLA) 2(APA) 3(ASA) 1. Okuda, Michael, and Denise Okuda. Star Trek Chronology: The History of the Future. New York: Pocket, 1993. 2. Okuda, M., & Okuda, D. (1993). Star trek chronology: The history of the future. New York: Pocket Books. 3. Herrera-Sobek, María and Helena María Viramontes. 1995. Chicana (W)rites: On Word and Film. Berkeley, CA: Third Woman Press.

12. Reference Format Comparison Journal Articles: 1(MLA) 2(APA) 3(ASA) 1. Wilcox, Rhonda V. "Shifting Roles and Synthetic Women in Star Trek: The Next Generation." Studies in Popular Culture 13.2 (1991): 53-65. 2. Wilcox, R. V. (1991). Shifting roles and synthetic women in Star trek: The next generation. Studies in Popular Culture, 13(2), 53-65. 3. Garcia, Alma M. 1998. "An Intellectual Odyssey: Chicana / Chicano Studies Moving into the Twenty-first Century." Journal of American Ethnic History 18:109.

13. Reference Format Comparison Web Articles: 1(MLA) 2(APA) 3(ASA) 1. Lynch, Tim. "DSN Trials and Tribble-ations Review." Psi Phi: Bradley's Science Fiction Club. 1996. Bradley University. 8 Oct. 1997. 2. Lynch, T. (1996). DS9 trials and tribble-ations review. Retrieved October 8, 1997, from Psi Phi: Bradley's Science Fiction Club Web site: http://www.bradley.edu/campusorg/psiphi/DS9/ep/ 503r.html 3. Smith, Herman W. and Takako Nomi. 2000. "Is Amae the Key to Understanding Japanese Culture?." Electronic Journal of Sociology 5:1. Retrieved May 5, 2000 (http://www.sociology.org/content/vol005.001/smith-nomi.html).http://www.sociology.org/content/vol005.001/smith-nomi.html