1. IMPERIALISM IN EGYPT, CHINA, & JAPAN

2. JAPAN & MEIJI ERA 1600s, Japan was isolated (“closed door”)
US Commodore
Matthew Perry took ships/
weapons to Japan & demand
they open trade  signed
Treaty of Kanagawa &
opened 2 ports to all
Japanese angry & overthrew Tokugawa Shogun

3. JAPAN & MEIJI ERA Japan would need to adopt western ways.
This became known as the
“Meiji Restoration” – Japans adoption
of western ways
Knew wouldn’t be taken over now, so Japan decided to become imperialists too
Established colonies in China
Now Japan & Russia major powers in Asia

4. JAPAN & MEIJI ERA
Both Russia & Japan want Manchuria for natural resources  RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR (Japan victory)
Japan went after Korea & won  established a protectorate & annexation (direct rule)
Korea became its protectorate of Japan

5. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL
Originally France interested in Egypt for strategic location (Red Sea), but Napoleon failed
The French originally set out to build the Suez Canal in 1859

6. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL
Egypt interested in modernizing like Europe, so figured they need to trade like Europe
1869 – Egypt decided to build manmade waterway that cut through Suez, connecting Red Sea to Mediterranean  SUEZ CANAL

7. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL Time Saved: 2 weeks Miles Saved: 4,000
Why would they want to build it???
Time Saved: 2 weeks
Miles Saved: 4,000

8. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL
Egypt had to borrow $$ from France ($450 million!), but found they could not pay back the debt
Britain jumped on the chance to oversee financial control of the canal  by 1882 British occupied Egypt
Suez Canal was “Lifeline of the British Empire” b/c allowed quicker access to its colonies in Asia and Africa

9. REFORM IN CHINA China proud of their culture
& many work opportunities 
very self-sufficient
Not interested in gadgets
West was offering;
only in agriculture  Chinese did not want to trade w/ Europeans
But Europeans wanted access to Chinese goods & resources (especially tea)

10. REFORM IN CHINA
Britain determined to find something Chinese wanted to trade…OPIUM!
Habit-forming drug; Chinese doctors used it for pain relief for centuries
By 1835, 12 million Chinese addicted & rising
Qing Emperor asked Britain to stop, but refused  led to OPIUM WAR ( )
British victory, gained island of Hong Kong

11. REFORM IN CHINA Poppies

12. REFORM IN CHINA Results of Opium War:
China divided into spheres of influence
Increase in Western trade & influence in Asia
Britain gains island of Hong Kong

13. REFORM IN CHINA
Due to Opium addiction, China no longer productive & people hungry
Europeans taking advantage of China’s growing problems
Had to declare “Open Door Policy” to keep from being divided up & colonized like Africa

14. REFORM IN CHINA
Poor peasants/workers resented foreign influence  formed secret organization, Society of Harmonious Fists (aka Boxers)
Wanted to get rid of Qing Dynasty, started
BOXER REBELLION
Rebellion failed, but nationalism rose; started to travel West to examine government structures

15. REFORM IN CHINA

16. Safari Montage Boxer Rebellion