1. Chapter Six
Study Guide

2. 01. In a solution, the substance that is doing the dissolving is the ___.

3. SOLVENT

4. 02. A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature is ___.

5. SATURATED

6. 03. Increasing the surface area of a solid ___ the rate of solution.

7. INCREASES

8. 04. When a gas is dissolved in a liquid, the gas dissolves faster if the temperature of the liquid is ___.

9. LOWER OR COOLER

10. 05. The concentration of a solution that contains much solute in the solvent could be described as ____.

11. CONCENTRATED

12. 06. Adding more solute to a solvent ___ its freezing point.

13. DECREASES

14. 07. A molecule that is positively charged on one end and negatively charged on the other end is ___.

15. POLAR

16. 08. The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature is its ___.

17. SOLUBILITY

18. 09. Different substances have ___ solubilities.

19. DIFFERENT

20. 10. A crystal of a solute was dropped into a solution and it dissolved
10. A crystal of a solute was dropped into a solution and it dissolved. The original solution was ___.

21. UNSATURATED

22. 11. A solution with a bitter taste and a slippery feel is most likely a(n) ___.

23. BASE

24. 12. Decreasing temperature ___ the rate of solution for a gas in a liquid.

25. INCREASES

26. 13. The dissolving of a solid in a liquid takes place at the solid’s ___.

27. SURFACE

28. 14. The type of solution depends on the state of the ___.

29. SOLVENT

30. 15. A solid dissolves faster when it is ground because grinding ___ surface area.

31. INCREASES

32. 16. A gas dissolves in a liquid most rapidly when under ___ pressure.

33. HIGH OR HIGHER

34. 17. A supersaturated solution is ___ stable than a saturated solution.

35. LESS

36. 18. Organic substances that change color in the presence of an acid or base are called

37. INDICATORS

38. 19. A substance that produces H+ ions in solution is a(n) ___.

39. ACID

40. 20. A substance that produces OH- ions in solution is a(n) ___.

41. BASE

42. 21. If a crystal of solute is dropped into a solution and other crystals appear, the solution was ___.

43. SUPERSATURATED

44. 22. A compound formed in solution from the negative ion of an acid and the positive ion of a base is a a(n) ___.

45. SALT

46. 23. The terms dilute and concentrated refer to the ___ of a solution.

47. STRENGTH

48. 24. A reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water is a ___ reaction.

49. NEUTRALIZATION

50. 25. A substance with a pH of 2 would be classified as a ___.

51. STRONG ACID

52. 26. Coffee has a pH of about 5. Coffee is slightly ___.

53. ACIDIC

54. 27. Strong acids have ___ pH values than do weaker acids.

55. LOWER

56. 28. On the pH scale, a solution with a pH 7 is ___.

57. NEUTRAL

58. 29. Strong acids produce large numbers of ___.

59. H+ IONS

60. 30. Increasing the temperature increases the ___ of a solid solute in a solvent.

61. SOLUBILITY

62. 31. Adding a solute to a solvent ___ the freezing point of the solvent.

63. DECREASES

64. 32. Adding a solute to a solvent ___ the boiling point of the solvent.

65. RAISES

66. 33. The products of neutralization are a(n) ___ plus water.

67. SALT

68. 34. Because grease is ___ it cannot be dissolved in water.

69. NONPOLAR

70. 35. The dissolving of a ___ in a liquid takes place at the solid’s surface.

71. SURFACE

72. 36. Stirring decreases the rate of a(n) ___ going into solution in a liquid solvent.

73. GAS

74. 37. A solution is a ___ that appears uniform throughout and whose particles cannot easily be separated.

75. MIXTURE

76. 38. At room temperature, a supersaturated solution would contain a ___ percent of solute than a saturated solution of the same substance.

77. HIGHER

78. 39. Geologists use ___ acid (HCl) to test for the presence of carbonates in limestone.

79. HYDROCHLORIC

80. 40. You are most likely to find a ___ in household cleaners.

81. BASE

82. 41. ___ naturally present in food are safe to eat because they are usually weak.

83. ACIDS

84. 42. The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given ___ is its solubility.

85. TEMPERATURE

86. 43. Grinding a solid solute into smaller particles increases surface area and ___ the rate at which the solute goes into solution.

87. SURFACE

88. 44. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a very strong ___, is the active ingredient in some drain cleaners.

89. BASE

90. 45. When 37 grams of potassium chloride (KCl) forms a solution by being added to 100 grams of water, the potassium chloride (KCl) is the ___.

91. SOLUTE

92. The last five questions are true or false.

93. 46. Adding antifreeze to a car radiator decreases the boiling point of the water in the radiator.

94. FALSE

95. 47. For acidic solutions of equal concentration, the stronger the acid, the lower the pH; for basic solutions of equal concentration, the stronger the base, the higher the pH.

96. TRUE

97. 48. Concentration involves the relative amounts of solvent and solute in a solution.

98. TRUE

99. 49. Common bases include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid.

100. FALSE

101. 50. An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions, H+, in solution.

102. TRUE