1. What is Earth Science?
Chapter 1.1 & 1.2

2. Earth Science
The name for all the sciences that collectively seek to understand the Earth.
Geology – the study of the solid Earth
Physical - Examines the materials & processes that make up the Earth
Historical - establish a timeline of the changes that have occurred in the past

3. Earth Sciences Oceanography – the study of all aspects of the ocean
Meteorology – the study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate
Astronomy – the study of the universe

4. Physical vs. Living Environment
Physical Environment
Hydrosphere – water portion
Atmosphere – gaseous envelope
Geosphere – solid Earth
Living Environment
Biosphere – all life forms on Earth (interacts with physical environment)

5. The Hydrosphere Oceans 97% saltwater Ice Water Vapor 3% freshwater
Lakes & Rivers
Groundwater

6. The Atmosphere
protects us, keeps Earth the right temperature, and has the gases needed for life to thrive.

7. The Geosphere
The Crust, Mantle and Core

8. The Biosphere
Living things depend on the physical environment to sustain life
Organisms help maintain and alter the physical environment

9. Forces affecting Earth’s Surface
Constructive
Build up the surface by raising the land and depositing new material
Examples: Mountain building, Volcanism
Destructive
Wear away high points work to flatten the surface
Examples: Weathering, Erosion