1. Developmental Psychology
Pre-verbal Communication

2. Overview Introduction & Definitions
Listening to voices; speech perception
Motherese, CDS
Speech production
Phonetic development
Non-verbal communication
Establishing joint reference
Making sense of faces
Early comprehension
What do prelinguistic infants know about language?
Emerging knowledge that others have minds
Summary

3. Introduction and Definitions
What is communication?
Signals - perceived - influencing
Is language discontinuous or continuous?
Bickerton (1984), Shatz (1983)
Bloom (1998), Hirsh-Pasek & Golinkoff (1996)
Lock (1999) – preverbal communication

4. Listening to voices Speech perception
DeCasper & Fifer (1980)
Butterfield & Siperstein (1972)
Mehler et al (1988), Moon et al (1993)
Categorical perception
Kuhl (2001)
Best (1995)

5. Motherese Child directed speech Cooper & Aslin (1990) Masataka (1996)
Why use motherese?

6. Speech production Crying Cooing Babbling Vihman (1985, 1992) Stages
Locke
de Boysson-Bardies et al (1992)
Pettito & Marentette (1991)

7. Phonetic development (taken from Harris & Butterworth (2002)

8. Non-verbal communication
Non-symbolic
Showing, giving, pointing
Gaze
Joint reference
Protoimperatives
Protodeclaritives

9. Establishing joint reference
Butterworth (1998)
Pointing
Butterworth & Franco (1990)
Bates et al (1979)
Harris, Barlow-Brown & Chasin (1995)
Curcio (1978)

10. Lempers et al (1977) 3-4 mths adults offer & show
6-7 mths infants reciprocate
7-8 mths adults point
1 year high degree of communicative knowledge; point, check, look in direction of point (not face)

11. Making sense of faces Emotional expression Ludemann & Nelson (1988)
Campos & Sternberg (1981)
Social referencing

12. Early comprehension 8 mths Oviatt (1980) Fenson et al (1994) 50 words
Over 150 words

13. What do pre-linguistic infants know about language?
6 mths
7-8 mths
Turn taking

14. Emerging knowledge that others have minds
Joint attention
Implications for communication
Carpenter et al (1998)
< 12 mths
12-13 mths
Intention and mapping
Mind reading

15. Summary The importance of the preverbal period to language development
Speech perception
Speech production
Pragmatic functions of gesture
Other functions
Transition to speech
Other sources of evidence e.g. Deaf children

16. Reading
Flom, R. & Pick, A.D. (2003) Verbal encouragement and joint attention in 18-month-old infants. Infant Behaviour & Development, 26,
Goodwyn, S., Acredolo, L., & Brown, C. (2000) Impact of Symbolic Gesturing on Early Language Development. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 24(2),
Lock, A. (2004) Preverbal Communication. In. Bremner, G. & Fogel, A. (Eds.) Blackwell Handbook of Infant Development. Blackwell.
Morales, M., Mundy, P., Delgado, C.E.F,. Yale, M., Messinger, D., Neal, r., & Schwartz, H.K. (2000) Responding to Joint Attention Across the 6- Through 24-Month Age Period and Early Language Acquisition. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 21 (3),