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Published byDesmond Gilder Modified over 10 years ago
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Islam
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Islam: Introduction Over 1300 yrs old –Considered “Western” religion Youngest of the “Western” religions Began in Arabia in 7th CE Spread rapidly through Middle East. Revealed to humanity by Prophet Muhammad Islam means surrender to God
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Islam: Founder The Prophet Muhammad –Name followed by “pbuh” P eace B e U pon H im –Born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia (570 C.E.) –Deeply spiritual man Meditation = key –Great revelation (610 C.E.) Meditating, hears whispers, repeats words –Words = God Recorded words, serve as Qu’ran
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Islam: Sacred Text, Preaching The Qu’ran (Koran) –Muslim sacred text Preaching God revealed message of Islam –No God but Allah –Life = complete submission to the will of Allah People flocked to hear message
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Islam: Hijrah Hijrah = Islamic New Year –Muhammad's popularity = threatened leaders in Mecca –Muhammad & followers = escape from Mecca to Medina in 622. Hijrah (migration) 622 = Islamic calendar begins.
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Islam: 6 Main Beliefs The Big Six –Allah is one and only God. –Angels –Holy books –Prophets e.g. Adam, Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus, Muhammad. –Day of Judgment Everyone = assessed: heaven or hell. –Predestination Allah decided what will happen. Doesn't stop free will
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Islam: Allah Allah is the only God Created and rules everything Central pt to religion is obedience to Allah's will Allah has always existed and will always exist. Allah knows everything that can be known.
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Islam: Allah Allah can do anything that can be done Allah has no shape or form Allah can't be seen/heard. Allah is neither male nor female. Allah rewards/punishes fairly Allah is merciful. Approach Allah by praying, and by reciting the Qur'an.
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Islam: Place of Worship Worship in Mosque Vary in size, shape –First built by Muhammad & friends in Medina Traditionally very plain –No statues, paintings Humans cannot imitate Allah –Decoration only to teach Mosque: Dubai
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Mosque in Mecca
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Islam: Prayer Pray 5 times/day –Face Mecca –Not req’d to do it in mosque or w/ others Great opportunity, not burden
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Islam: The Five Pillars The Five Pillars of Islam help Muslims put faith into action. –Requirements = satisfy to live good/responsible Islamic life Declaration of faith Ritual prayer 5 times a day Giving a fixed proportion to charity Fasting Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)
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Islam: The Hajj One of 5 pillars –Required if financially & physically able Often over 2 million show up per year –Based on Muhammad’s own travels to Mecca
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Islam: Holy Days Ramadan –27 Days-do not eat, drink, or smoke during the entire day –The festival celebrates first time Qur’an revealed Muhammed Dhul-Hijja –End of Hajj or holy pilgrimage
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Islam: Sunnis & Shiites Sunnis –Vast majority in world –“Traditional” followers –Islam remains entirely correct Shiites –Minority of Muslims –Broke from mainstream Islam (657 CE)
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