1. How to write research proposal
DR AIDA JAFFAR
LECTURER
FAM MED DEPARTMENT

2. Outline To understand importance of research proposal
To understand the content of research proposal
To know how to present research proposal

3. Importance of proposal
To demonstrate that you are capable of independent critical thinking and analysis  
To show that you are capable of communicating your ideas clearly.

4. Research proposal: content
Title
Introduction
Objectives
Literature review
Methodology
Gannt chart
Budget

5. What is the topic? Clinical issues Research gap Suggestion from
previous studies
readings

6. Title
Does your title briefly and precisely indicate the focus of the research?
Clue to the readers
Important key words
Precise and simple describing the thesis

7. Introduction Introduce the area of research Review key publications
Any gap in the knowledge
Hypothesis
Clinical importance and its benefits
Justification
Aims and objectives

8. Literature review- function
To avoid "reinventing the wheel".
Gives credits to previous researcher.
Demonstrates your knowledge of the research problem.
Demonstrates your understanding of the theoretical and research issues related to your research question.
To be able to critically evaluate relevant literature and to integrate and synthesize the existing literature.
Provides new theoretical insights or develops a new model as the conceptual framework for your research.
Paul T. P. Wong, Ph.D., C.Psych. How to Write a Research Proposal

9. Literature review-problems
Lacking organization and structure
Lacking focus, unity and coherence
Being repetitive and verbose
Failing to cite influential papers
Failing to keep up with recent developments
Failing to critically evaluate cited papers
Citing irrelevant or trivial references
Depending too much on secondary sources
Paul T. P. Wong, Ph.D., C.Psych. How to Write a Research Proposal

10. Good vs Poor Lit Review A ‘good’ literature review…..
…is a synthesis of available research
…is a critical evaluation
….. has appropriate breadth and depth
….. has clarity and conciseness
….. uses rigorous and consistent methods
A ‘poor’ literature review is…..
…..an annotated bibliography
….. confined to description
….. narrow and shallow
….. confusing and longwinded
….. constructed in an arbitrary way

12. Objectives General objective: main objective Specific objectives.
Start with: To determine, to identify, to explore and etc.
Please refer to Academic phrasebank..

13. Methodology Study design Research setting
Sampling: sampling frame, sampling method, inclusion and exclusion criteria, sample size calculation
Study tools or instruments: questionnaires, instruments (calibrated and validated)
Study flow
Statistical analysis
Ethical consideration

14. Hilary Glasman-Deal: science research writing for non-native speakers of English

15. Gantt Chart June 2013 -January 2014 February 2014
June January 2014
February 2014
March June 2014
June November 2015
September November 2015
December March 2016
April 2016
May 2016
Preparation of thesis proposal
Presentation of thesis proposal
Preparation & Submission of thesis application to ethics committee
Data collection
Data analysis
Report writing
Submission of thesis
Presentation of thesis

16. Estimated Cost ITEMS ESTIMATED COST Stationery (Paper, Pen, Pencil)
RM 100
Photocopy
RM 300
Pendrive
RM 40
Journal printing
CISS Questionnaire in English & Malay
RM 500
TOTAL
RM 1040

17. Common mistakes
Failure to provide the proper context to frame the research question.
Failure to delimit the boundary conditions for your research.
Failure to accurately present the theoretical and empirical contributions by other researchers.
Failure to stay focused on the research question.
Failure to develop a coherent and persuasive argument for the proposed research.
Too much detail on minor issues, but not enough detail on major issues.
Too much rambling -- going "all over the map" without a clear sense of direction. (The best proposals move forward with ease and grace like a seamless river.)
Too many citation lapses and incorrect references.
Too long or too short.
Failing to follow the APA style.
Slopping writing.
Paul T. P. Wong, Ph.D., C.Psych. How to Write a Research Proposal

20. This is just the beginning….

21. Be systematic
Be organize
Be calm
Be on schedule

22. Data collection and analysis
Avoid cheating!
Must understand the analysis and their meaning.

23. Save the data!

24. Meeting with supervisor

25. Challenges…
Mentally fit Focus Preparation

26. NO PLAGIARISM!

27. ALL THE BEST