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Chapter 3 Topographic Maps
Topography Means: “Shape of the land”
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Contour Lines Indicate areas of equal elevation
Will never cross or divide
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Hill top Circles within circles Specific points are called Benchmarks
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Contour interval Distance between contour lines 500’
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Contour Interval Contour Interval = 500’
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Indicating all contour lines make it look cluttered – Index Contour Lines
To get C.I. : Take the Change in Elevation between two contour index lines and divide that by the number of lines between them. C.I. = 250’
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You Try!!! Map A C.I. = Map B
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Benchmark: Exact elevation Marker
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Close lines = steep slope
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What do you think it looks like from the side?
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Closed depressions on the land are shown by contour lines with “hachure lines” that point down slope. (indicate holes or craters)
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6. A contour line forms a “V” shape pointing upstream when crossing
a river or stream. Downhill!!! “V” Shaped Contour Lines
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Steep vs Gentle River Direction
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Gradient = Average rate of slope Determined by change in elevation divided by distance. Rise over Run! Elevation Change (rise)= Distance (run)= B A Scale (km) 1km
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A line that shows the changes in elevation
Topographic Profiling A line that shows the changes in elevation across a section of a topographic map.
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Contouring: Elevation points have been determined using ground
surveying techniques or GPS but contour lines need to be drawn in.
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