1. The Iron Curtain Falls on Europe

2. Roots of the Cold War Cold War: era of high tension and bitter rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union Iron Curtain: A term reflecting Churchill’s belief that communism had created a sharp division in Europe

3. Containment and the Domino Theory Containment: The policy that the U.S. adopted in the late 1940’s of stopping the spread of communism in a variety of ways Domino Theory: The thought that if countries such as South Korea and South Vietnam fell to communism from North Korea and North Vietnam, this would create a chain reaction in Asia and that other nations would also fall to communism

4. The Truman Doctrine Truman Doctrine Truman stated that aid would help many different governments resist Soviet expansion

5. Marshall Plan and Berlin Airlift Marshall Plan: U.S. spent over $13 billion in 17 countries so that “conditions in which free institutions” would exist Berlin Airlift: 400,000 tons of supplies were delivered. ◦Soviets put a blockade on Berlin ◦Only way to deliver supplies was by air ◦70 U.S. and British died in airplane crashes ◦280,000 total flights made

6. NATO NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Canada, Denmark, Iceland, Italy, Norway, Portugal, U.S. ◦These five joined Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and the UK to form an alliance against the Soviet Union in case of war

7. GI Bill and Baby Boom GI Bill: FDR signed this bill so that GI’s could make a smooth adjustment into civilian life ◦ Money for schooling ◦ Loans ◦ Help finding work Baby Boom: More Americans began having families the 2 decades following WWII

8. Fair Deal and Beyond… Fair Deal: Truman’s post war plan for the country ◦Similar to the New Deal ◦Congress did NOT support his program ◦Few of his ideas became laws Universal Declaration of Human Rights: ◦Everyone is free and equal ◦Called to end slavery, torture, and inhumane punishment ◦A variety of other civil rights and liberties

9. Mao Zedong Threat of Communist China Mao Zedong: Chinese Communist dictator ◦Leader of Chinese Revolution ◦Overthrew Chang Kai-shek (he fled to Taiwan) ◦Held in high regard in China ◦Although China's population almost doubled during the period of Mao's leadership (from around 550 to over 900 million), his rule from 1949 to 1976 is believed to have caused the deaths of 40 to 70 million people.

10. Examples of Cold War “Hot” Conflicts KOREAN WAR

11. VIETNAM WAR