1. Learning Targets
I Can…Analyze reasons for the mistreatment of Native Americans
I Can…. Identify racism and reasons for prejudice and discrimination.
I Can…. Summarize the conflicts between Americans and Native Americans as a result of the need for land.

2. Jackson’s Native-American Policy
Yesterday You Learned: Jackson’s election in 1828 opened up a new era of popular democracy.
Today You will Learn: Native Americans were forced to move west of the Mississippi River under Jackson’s Native American Policy

3. Native Americans Forced West
What should be done with the Native Americans?
Southeast Tribes: Should they Assimilate or Move?
* Whites thought of Native Americans as “uncivilized” or “savages”

4. East of the Mississippi
By the 1820s 100,000 Native Americans lived East of the Mississippi River, most of them in the Southeast
Whites called them the “Five Civilized Tribes” because they had adopted many aspects of white culture. They are the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole.
Sequoya= Cherokee Alphabet
Cherokee Newspaper
Attended Missionary Schools
1827 Cherokee Constitution based on the U.S.’s

5. Jackson’s Removal Policy
Supported moving Native Americans west of Mississippi
Gave Native Americans two Choices:
Assimilate & become U.S. citizens
Move West
Couldn’t have own government within U.S. borders

6. Gold 1828 Gold was discovered on Cherokee land in Georgia
Georgia and other Southern states passed laws that they had the right to take over Native American’s land

7. Submit or Move!!! Indian Removal Act of 1830:
The act called for the U.S. to negotiate treaties to require Native Americans to move west of the Mississippi
Strong Opposition: Quakers & Congressman Edward Everett from Massachusetts (pictured right)
“inevitable suffering” would be “incalculable”

9. Indian Territory
Treaties negotiated to exchange current lands for land in OK, KS,& NE
1831: Choctaw & other tribes move west
Cherokee appeal to Supreme Court
1832 Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Marshall, ruled GA law didn’t apply to the Cherokee
Jackson said, “…let him enforce it!”

10. Trail of Tears
Forced removal & march in 1838 by federal troops of 16,000 Cherokee west of the Mississippi
Gen Winfield Scott leads them
¼ die along the way

11. The Indian Removal Act

12. Indian Resistance
1838 Cherokee, Tsali, struggled to escape with his family & 2 U.S. soldiers die
U.S. govt. agreed to allow other Cherokee to stay if Tsali and his sons came in.
Surrendered & all were executed except his youngest son

13. Seminoles of Florida
1835 Seminoles refused to leave, “Second Seminole War”
Leader Osceola, hid in the Everglades, surprise tactics on U.S. Army
1837 Osceola was tricked and captured, died in prison
Some moved deeper into the Everglades and live there today

14. Northern Tribes Resist
Sauk Chief, Black Hawk, led Sauk and Fox back to their lands in IL
Black Hawk War- U.S. Army crushes the uprising (Lincoln part of the forces.)

15. Northern Tribes Resist: Black Hawk

16. Learning Target Assessment

17. Name two of the “Five Civilized Tribes.”
The discovery of what item in Georgia motivated whites to force Native Americans from their homes?
What was the name of the Act that forced Native Americans from their land?
When the Cherokee refused to go, they were forced to move on what become known as the ________ ____ ________.
This Sauk chief returned to his native land when he discovered whites digging up his ancestors burial ground, causing a war.

18. Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Seminole Gold Indian Removal Act
Answers
Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Seminole
Gold
Indian Removal Act
Trail of Tears
Black Hawk