1. “A Splendid Little War”
The Spanish- American War (April 20- August 12, 1898) & US Foreign Policy in the Early 20th Century
“A Splendid Little War”

2. Who was Valeriano Weyler? Get this answer from the following video!

3. Jose Marti and the Cuban Revolution Against Spanish Rule
1:33
Jose Marti and the Cuban Revolution Against Spanish Rule

4. Why is he significant in Cuba’s desire for independence. A
Why is he significant in Cuba’s desire for independence? A. Yellow journalists exaggerated Weyler’s cruelty. B. People in the US were shocked about these stories and wanted the US to intervene.

5. Yellow Journalism William Randolph Hearst– New York Journal
Joseph Pulitzer– New York World
These men tried to outsell each other by exaggerating the facts.
Whipped up anti-Spanish sentiment in their readers.
Because of the stories, readers called for the US to step in.

6. The Spanish American War Begins
2:19
The Spanish American War Begins

7. The Spanish- American War
Cuba: The US set up a blockade around Cuba
125,000 poorly trained & equipped US volunteers fought the Spanish
Biggest battle was at San Juan Hill
Disease killed more men than combat did
The Philippines: George Dewey destroys the Spanish fleet at Manila (capital of the Philippines)
Filipinos supported the US & helped our soldiers defeat the Spanish

8. The War in the Philippines and the Caribbean
3:02
The War in the Philippines and the Caribbean

9. The Rough Riders Most famous unit of the war Led by TR
Get credit for famous charge up San Juan Hill
Didn’t actually do that much– “Buffalo Soldiers” were responsible for much of the key fighting

10. Treaty of Paris Ended the Spanish- American War
Turned over Guam and Puerto Rico to the US
US also bought Philippines for $20 mil.
Controversial because it made the US an imperial power– some felt we shouldn’t take colonies (violated the Dec. of Ind., US should focus on problems at home first, would create competition for jobs)

11. Importance of Puerto Rico
18.3
Importance of Puerto Rico
Good location for a US naval base– would be able to protect the building & maintenance of the Panama Canal

12. Rights of Puerto Ricans Today
US citizenship
Cannot vote in US Presidential elections
Subject to military draft
Elect members of their own legislature
Can move freely from PR to US
Have protection of US

13. Post- War Relations: US & Cuba
Relationship not good after US forced Cuba to adopt rules that favored the interests of the US (Platt Amendment)
Set up rules to protect US businesses in Cuba
Cubans did not appreciate this treatment

14. Filipinos Rebel US had promised Filipino independence
Filipinos revolted when they discovered they were to be an American territory
Filipinos now turned against US
Used guerilla tactics to fight US

15. The War Ends: The Treaty of Paris
2:23
The War Ends: The Treaty of Paris

16. US Handles Filipino Rebellion
US forced Filipinos to live in designated zones where conditions were very bad
Done to keep track of guerillas
Cost: 20,000 Filipino rebels died; 4,000 Americans; $400 million

17. The Open Door Policy
Stated that China should not be controlled by foreign nations but should be open to trade with any nation
US insisted on this so no European nation would gain a trade advantage over the US

18. China & the Open Door Policy
3:28
China & the Open Door Policy

19. Boxer Rebellion
Group in China (the Boxers) who wanted to get rid of all foreigners
Killed hundreds of foreigners & Chinese Christians
International army put down the rebellion

20. 18.4
To gain the land to build the canal, the US sponsored a rebellion against Columbia (Panama was a province of Columbia)
US sent warships to Panama on the day it claimed independence
US purchased the canal zone for $10 million plus an annual rent of $250,000
“The Canal Zone”

21. Construction of the Panama Canal
Very expensive
Many men died due to disease
75% of the workers were blacks from the West Indies, some from Spain & Italy
5,600/ 43,400 died from accidents or disease

22. The Roosevelt Corollary
An add- on to the Monroe Doctrine
Stated that if necessary, the US would act as the international police if anyone threatened our economic interests in Latin America

23. Dollar Diplomacy
President Taft (came after TR) guaranteed any loan given by American businesses to foreign nations.
This was an incentive for US businesses to give $$$ to Latin America
This would allow the US to have more power in LA & keep European nations out!
In other words, if an American business gave a loan to a Latin American nation and that nation could not pay, the US government would cover the loan

24. 5:24
Foreign Policy

25. US & the Mexican Revolution of 1911
President Wilson wanted to get rid of Mexican Dictator Victoriano Huerta
When some US sailors were arrested in Mexico, Wilson sent in the Marine to occupy Veracruz.
Fighting broke out and almost led to war
Venustiano Carranza became president

26. Pancho Villa Opposed Carranza’s US- backed government
Villa’s men killed some US engineers
President Wilson sent John J. Pershing to hunt down Villa.
He was difficult to find.
Almost led to war bet. Mexico & the US