1. Territorial Growth l Northwest Ordinance in 1787 divided land north of the Ohio River and east of Mississippi River into smaller territories provided guidelines under which new states could be admitted to the union Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin Slavery illegal (slave owners prior to law grandfathered in)

2. Territorial Growth l Education used as tool to encourage national values and compete with other nations Noah Webster compiled 1st US dictionary dictionary included words and spellings distinct to the US rather than England helped unify nations educational standards

3. Territorial Growth l Louisiana Territory of 1803 purchased from France (Napoleon) largest land purchase, doubling countrys size Thomas Jeffersons administration economic turning point b/c nation began to pursue prosperity within its own borders rather than from foreign nations

4. Territorial Growth l Lewis and Clark Expedition goal: water route to Pacific Departed St. Louis 1804; returned 1806 Led to rapid migration of settlers to Pacific Northwest Oregon Trail

5. National Identity l War of 1812 British blamed for Native American resistance, impressing US seamen, and threatening presence in Canada British burned Washington DC Inspiring victory at Fort McHenry Star Spangled Banner Andrew Jacksons victory leads to end with signing of Treaty of Ghent

6. National Identity l Erie Canal (1825) man-made waterway that made travel and trade faster and easier connected New York City to Great Lakes economy of NYC and northeastern US greatly enhanced

7. National Identity l Henry Clays American System improve nations economy infrastructure roads, rail lines, services and utilities, canals protective tariff tax on imports internal improvements infrastructure improved with federal funds second national bank

8. National Identity l Monroe Doctrine US would not tolerate European intervention in affairs of any independent nation in the Americas American continents not open to European colonization any attempt viewed as aggressive US not interfere in internal affairs of other American countries or European nations

9. National Identity