1. Introduction to Dental Materials
DHYG 113
Restorative Dentistry I

2. Biomaterials Oral Tissues Enamel Dentin Cementum Pulp Periodontium
Gingival Tissue

3. Objectives
Discuss some of the conditions that make the oral cavity hostile to dental materials
Identify ideal properties of dental materials
Explain how dental materials, drugs, instruments and equipment are evaluated
Summarize the reasons the dental hygienist should be knowledgeable about the science of dental materials
Name and discuss classification categories

4. Replacement Materials
Restriction on use:
Biting forces
Degradation of materials and teeth
Temperature changes
Biocompatibility
Esthetics

5. Characteristics of an Ideal Dental Material
Biocompatible
Mechanically Stable & Durable
Resistant to Corrosion or Chemicals
Dimensionally Stable
Minimally Conductive – thermal & electrical
Esthetic
Easy to Manipulate
Adherent to Tissues
Tasteless and Odorless
Cost-effective

6. History Ancient Times to the 1700’s During the 1800’s The 20th Century
Gold, Ivory, Porcelain, Wax, Gypsum, Cements (Zinc phosphate & ZOE)
During the 1800’s
Amalgam in use, Porcelain inlays & crowns
The 20th Century
New materials constantly developed
Variety of cast metals: gold, chromium & nickel, chromium & cobalt, and titanium
Polymers and Composites

7. Standards for Dental Materials
Medical Device Amendment of 1976
FDA considers dental materials as medical devices
FDA has authority to ensure safety of dental materials
Council for Scientific Affairs of the ADA
ADA Seal of Acceptance

8. Classifications of Dental Materials by Use
Restorative Materials
Restorations & Crowns
Bridges
Complete & Partial Dentures
Impression Casts & Models
6. Cements
7. Temporary Materials
8. Preventive Materials
9. Polishing Materials
10. Implants
11. Specialty Materials

9. Classification by Location of Fabrication
Direct Restorative Materials
Constructed directly in the oral cavity
Amalgams, Composites, Glass ionomers
Indirect Restorative Materials
Fabricated outside the oral cavity
Gold crowns and inlays
Ceramic materials
Indirect restorative polymers

10. Classification by Longevity of Use
Permanent Restorations
Don’t last forever, but give years of service

11. Longevity, con’t Temporary Restorations
Planned to be replaced in a short time
Interim Restorations
Long term temporary restorations

12. Discussion
What are some implications of dental hygiene practice on dental materials?
Why do you think this might be important?
What are your thoughts about hygienists doing restorative procedures? Is this something you would enjoy doing?