3. Surveys 1 compiled by Anna Bączkowska 2 Attractions -Scan wide field of issues, populatins, programmes (large-scale data - generalisable results) -gathers data on a one-shot basis – economical and efficient - Generates numerical data – easy to present and process (statistically) and verify (supports or refutes hypotheses), uncluttered material (accurate results)

4. Survey 2 - Planning a survey: main considerations compiled by Anna Bączkowska 3 problem definition Sample selection Design of measurements Concern for participants

5. Survey 2a compiled by Anna Bączkowska 4  Problem definition: what kinds and contents of answers are required, what hypotheses are to be tested what variables there are to explore  Sample selection: what is the target population, how to assure representativeness, what other samples will need to be drawn for the purpose of comparison  Design of measurement: what will be measured and how, what variables will be required, how reliability and validity will be assured  Concern for participants: protection of confidentiality and anonymity

6. Survey 3- Process of planning a survey compiled by Anna Bączkowska 5  Define objectives  Decide on the kind of survey (e.g. longitudinal, cross-section, trend study)  Formulate research questions or hypotheses  Decide: a. issues on which to focus; b. information that is needed to address the issues; c. sampling required; d. instrumentation required  Generate data collection instruments  Decide how data will be collected  Pilot instruments and refine them  Collect data  Analyse data  Report results

7. Survey 4 - Types compiled by Anna Bączkowska 6  Longitudinal studies  Cross-section studies  Trend studies