1. By: Tehetina Shewakena

2. NORTHSOUTH  (15th ) Hausa people came under the influence of Islam.  ( 18th ) The Fulani took over and established the Sokoto Caliphate.  Controlled most of the North  Introduced trade with the Europeans  (16th ) Coastal groups began exchanging captives and prisoners for goods with the European trading ships  Wars among various kingdoms sustained trade  20,000 slaves

3.  ( 1807): British parliament outlawed slave trade - British established themselves on the coast - Intervene in local politics  1866 The Royal Niger Company was granted royal charter to control Nigerian trade  On January 1, 1914: Nigeria was unified under one colonial administration

4.  Nigerian system developed into a sophisticated form of government - Central/ Local Gov.  - New forms of money, transportation, and communication  1886: The United Africa Company was granted charter - Oversee Commerce - Collect taxes  A system of cash economy developed  Nigeria remained an agricultural country, exporting raw materials to Britain and importing from it finished goods

5.  Oct. 1, 1960  Establish Federal system - System is questioned  Established First Republic (1963-1966)  Ended in violent military coup

6.  Since independence Nigeria has had: - 9 constitutions - 4 republics - 7 Military Coups  Hinders Democracy  Increase in Corruption

7. YearRulerType of gov.Reason for Transition 1960-1966Tafawa BalewaRepublicCoup 1966Johnson Aguyi- Ironsi Military dictatorshipMilitary coup 1966-1975Yakubu GowoMilitary dict.Military coup 1975-1976Murtala Muhammed Military dict.Military Coup 1976-1979Olusegun ObasanjoMilitary Dict.Replaced by democratically elected pres. 1979-1983Shehu ShagariPresidential democracy Military coup 1983-1985Muhammed BuhariMilitary Dict.Military Coup 1985-1993Ibrahim BabangidaMilitary Dict.Military Coup. 1993-1998Sani AbachaMilitary Dict.Death 1999-2007Olusegun Obasanjo Presidential Dem.Two term presidency 2007-presentUmaru Yar’ AduaPresidential Dem.

8.  (1970) Price of oil increased - Nigerian export grew - Increase in revenue - Investment in industrial dev.  ( 1971) Joined OPEC and formed the Nigerian National Oil Corporation (NNOC)  By 1973, oil revenue represented almost 90% of foreign exchange earning and 85% of total exports  Import food  1980) Price of oil plummeted - Inflation -debt owed to World Bank

9.  1970’s :Fiscal indiscipline - Nigeria government borrowed from foreign banks - Price of oil fell  1979-1983: Buhari regime approach IMF for relief -IMF put conditions -Maintained the exchange rate  1985: Babangida created Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) - Failed  1997 : Experienced Fuel shortage - Black market - 80 Niara per liter  By 2004: Nigeria debt totaled US$35.994 billion

10.  Oct 2000: Debt Management Office was established - Nigeria was considered for debt relief Paris Club : (2005)  Nigeria and the Paris Club agreed on a US$18 billion or 60 percent write-off -Debt decreased - Credit worthy country Neo Liberalism: a political orientation started in the 1960s; blends liberal political views with an emphasis on economic growth

11.  Gini Index: 42.9  GDP growth rate : 7.2% in 2011 Trend toward privatization CIA World Fact book

12. SETBACKS POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT - Corruption - Gov. controlled economy - lack of initiative for private sector -unequal distribution of wealth  Availability of resource  Democratization  Maintain successful programs  Considered a regional power