1. LIFELONG LEARNING IN THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY -CHALLENGES FOR TAIWAN Prof. Tsai Ching-Hwa Institute of Education, National Sun Yat-sen University Chen I-Yin Institute of Education, National Sun Yat-sen University International Conference On Learning And Community Enrichment 2012

2. Outline General Background Information Knowledge Economy & Lifelong learning Literature review Traditional learning model and lifelong learning Discussion Challenges for Taiwan 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 2

3. Knowledge Economy Knowledge Economy(OECD,1996) The knowledge-based economy It relies on the ideas rather than physical abilities. It has transforming the demands of the labor market. People who want to enhance competitive have to deal with these demands. People need more learning opportunities. People require a new model of education and training. Learning opportunities more important than age. 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 3 General Background Information

4. Lifelong learning 1. Lifelong learning is a new type of learning. 2. Framework, from early childhood through retirement 3. A learning range from formal education to non-formal education to informal learning According to the International Standard Classification for Education (UNESCO, 1997) Formal education: the system of schools, full time education for children and young people Non-formal education: educational activities not definition to formal education but cater to persons of all ages Informal learning : can not classified as formal or non- formal, may take place by self-directed learning or at work place or within the family 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 4 General Background Information

5. Traditional learning model and lifelong learning 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 5 Traditional learningLifelong learning The teacher is the source of knowledge. Educators are guides to sources of knowledge Learners receive knowledge from the teacher. People learn by doing. Learners work by themselves. People learn in groups and from each other. Tests are given to prevent progress until students have completely mastered a set of skills and to ration access to further learning. Assessment is used to guide learning strategies and identify pathways for future learning. Literature review Source: Lifelong learning in the global knowledge economy: challenges for developing countries (p.29), World Bank, 2003.

6. Traditional learning model and lifelong learning 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 6 Traditional learningLifelong learning All learners do the same thing Educators develop individualized learning plans. Teachers receive initial training plus ad hoc in-service training. Educators are lifelong learners. Initial training and on-going professional development are linked. “Good” learners are identified and permitted to continue their education. People have access to learning opportunities over a lifetime. Source: Lifelong learning in the global knowledge economy: challenges for developing countries (p.29), World Bank, 2003. Literature review

7. Why we need lifelong learning in knowledge economy? 1. Lifelong learning can help us accumulating knowledge and let it contribute to economy. 2. Developing countries with economy risk because education and training systems are not equipping learners with the skills they need. 3. Lifelong learning is crucial to preparing workers to compete in the global knowledge economy, that is, creating a labor force. Knowledge economy and lifelong learning are closely related. 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 7 Research question & Discussion

8. What challenges do we face in promote lifelong learning in Taiwan? Things need to improve Formal education need to become more flexible and meet learner’s lifelong needs. Teacher training needs to change. Using technology to reach more learners. Expanding learning opportunities and encourage the disadvantaged groups join the learning activities. For disadvantaged groups, we need to decrease the learning gap. 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 8 Research question & Discussion

9. What challenges do we face in promote lifelong learning in Taiwan? Things need to improve The private and public sectors need to work together and more communication, the private sector playing an important role in education. Policymakers need to rethink the limited resources and repeated giving, and improve lifelong learning finance support system. Lack assessment in lifelong learning. 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 9 Research question & Discussion

10. Summary of challenges for Taiwan  Affordable  Sustainable  Limited resources  Promotes lifelong learning ( for people in general and in disadvantaged groups ) 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 10 Result

11. Lifelong learning 331 in Taiwan March 16,2012 The ministry of education in Taiwan, in order to encourage the society to jointly promote lifelong learning and make people understand that learning is an essential activity in daily life. Recently policy in lifelong learning, 1. Lifelong exercise 2. Lifelong learning 3. Lifelong reflection 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 11 Lifelong learning Policy

12. 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012 12 Lifelong learning 331 Actions Lifelong exercise (to exercise at least 30 minutes a day) One person, one sport Promoting exercise for allSports Recreation CampPhysical Fitness Lifelong learning (to learn at least 30 minutes a day) Issue lifelong learning guidebook Senior education professional training Learning models of selection and promotion Establish lifelong learning circle Lifelong reflection (to do one good deed a day) The good deed communityFilial familyGrandparents Day

13. It’s never late to start learning! Thank You For Your Attention 2014/10/10ICOACE 2012