1. Critical Reading Perspectives …. Cuz there’s never just one

2. Feminist Read in terms of the female identity Concerned with: social & cultural attitudes towards women Issues arising from male or female narrative Patriarchy or male hegemony

3. Reader-response Read in terms of the individual & how they creates meaning Concerned with: reader’s cultural values & how attitudes lead to assumptions about characters etc How reader “fill gaps” that are either ambiguous or contradictory

4. Race/post colonial Read in terms of representation of ethnicity Concerned with: how race & injustice are dealt with Esp; written or set in colonial times Power ( hegemony) is often a common motif Highlights western attitudes toward nationality & ethnicity Assumptions & paradigms expressed implicitly or explicitly by author and/or characters

5. Genre Read in terms of the type of genre Fiction, non-fiction, Detective, Thriller, Comic, Tragedy Concerned with: how text embodies characteristics & conventions associated with particular genre

6. Cultural/historical Read in terms of how it reveals culture & ideologies of the time Concerned with: facts or opinion about the time period Understanding that texts no “stand alone” but read with historical understanding

7. Structuralist Read in terms of how novel put together & how ideas are put together Concerned with: How does construction represents author’s view of the world diction, form, paradox, motifs, patterns

8. Marxist Read in terms of exploring issues of social class and power, especially the treatment of working class Concerned with: political, cultural, and social contexts

9. Psychoanalytic Read in terms of exploring how humans think, react Concerned with: Human behavior Human behavior as it applies to social & cultural- ethical attitudes Human psychology, internal & external conflicts within the characters

10. The End