1. World War I:

2. Formation of European Alliances: Central Powers
Three Emperor’s league: Germany, AH, Russia, 1873
When Bismarck dismissed as Chancellor in 1890, Germany did not renew alliance with Russia
Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy)
Germany Under Bismarck afraid of French “war of revenge” from Franco-Prussian War
1879 (Dual Alliance) Wants to isolate France by forming alliances with Austria and Hungary
1882 (Triple Alliance) Italy joins the alliance because Italy hates France over Imperialism in Africa (France had taken Tunisia in 1881, which Italy wanted)
Weakness was that historically, Italy hated Austria-Hungary

3. Bismarck’s Nightmare-The Two Front War

4. Triple Entente (France, GB, Russia)
France wanted Alsace-Lorraine back from Germany
1894 France formed a Dual Alliance with Russia
1904-GB makes a treaty with France- called the “Entente Cordiale”
1907-France makes a treaty with GB AND Russia, called the Triple Entente

5. Europe Divided -1907
CENTRAL POWERS: Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
ALLIES: Triple Entente- Britain, France, and Russia
Equal Balance of Power, believed that this would maintain peace

6. Crises Preceding WWI
Moroccan Crisis of 1905: Germany pledged support for revolution in Morocco against France, France not wanting war forced to
Acknowledge independence of Morocco
Had special interest in Morocco
Moroccan Crisis of 1911: Germany challenged France’s attempt to make Morocco a protectorate
Germany withdrew objections upon receiving a piece of French Congo
Moroccan Crises
GB and France closer together, as GB supported France
Intensified hostility between Central Powers and Entente

7. Balkan Crisis of 1912-1913 “Powder Keg of Europe”
Russia supported expansion of Serbia, four nations (with Russian approval)-Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece- seized territory from Turkey
A-H formed Albania to block Serbia from sea which showed
A-H opposition to Russian interference
A-H’s fear of a powerful Serbia
Results:
Russia and Serbia closer together
Hatred of Russian and Serbia for A-H

8. “Powder Keg” explodes
Serbian nationalists wanted the breakup of Austria-Hungary
1914, Serbian nationalist (Gavrillo Princep of terrorist group Black Hand) assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to A-H
Took place in Sarajevo, Serbian populated portion of A-H
Several Serbian government officials had been aware of the plot, no one warned Austria

9. Chain Reaction
A-H was encouraged by the German emperor, William II who was guaranteed of a blank check, or total German support of whatever Austria-Hungary would do
A-H issued an Ultimatum to Serbia
Stop Anti-Austrian Propaganda
Dismiss Anti-Austrian officials
Permit A-H to investigate the Assassination within Serbia
Serbia Agreed to all but the last (felt by agreeing they would go under A-H rule)

10. Everyone gets involved
A-H Declares war on Serbia
Russia begins mobilizing to come to Serbia’s aid
Germany, afraid of a two front war, declared war on both Russia and France
Germany moved its armies across Belgium (neutral) to France
Britain angered and fearful of having Germany in Belgium declared war on Germany

12. Underlying Causes of World War I
Militarism-glorified war and caused leaders to prepare armed forces for conflict
Alliance System-divided European continent into 2 rival groups of nations
Imperialism-thrust European colonies into fierce competition to gain colonies, new markets, and new sources of raw material
Nationalism-spurred major European nations to extend their territory; awakened movements for independence among minor nationalities, such as the Serbs (Balkans)

13. Alliances of WWI
Your task is to make a graphic organizer of the major alliances that led to WWI. Each of the following alliances must be covered:
Holy Alliance
Three Emperor’s League (1872)
Dual Alliance (1879)
Triple Alliance (1882)
Entente Cordiale (1904)
Central Power and Allies (1907)
Also discuss Pan-Slavism

14. Major Leaders to Watch in WW I
Kaiser Wilhelm II-Germany

15. Major Leaders to Watch…
David Lloyd George- Britain

16. Tsar Nicholas II-Russia
Major Leaders to Watch
Tsar Nicholas II-Russia

17. Major Leaders to Watch…
Woodrow Wilson-USA

18. Major Leaders to Watch…
George Clemenceau-France

19. Major Leaders of WW I Biographical Sketch
Pick one of the 5 major leaders, do a Bio-sketch. Include all of the following information
Birthplace and year
Childhood
Education
Major Achievements
Occupation leading into War
Motives for entering war
Role in the War
Role at the outcome of War
Include at least 1 picture, and a summary paragraph. Attach a copy of your source information if it is from the internet. Properly document sources
Due:
Monday,
March 19