1. Quantification and Spatial Relationship Karsten Rodenacker, Neuherberg Martina Hausner, München Anna A. Gorbushina, Oldenburg Forschungszentrum g

2. Content Introduction from perception to image analysis Measurement objects, groups of objects inter- and intra-relationships Examples Conclusion

3. Introduction Perception – recognition – differentiation – description Quantification Relation of qualitative and quantitative terms

4. Introduction The difficulty NOT to see something

5. Introduction The difficulty to see anything

6. Introduction The ease to see the impossible

7. Introduction Quantitative terms

8. Introduction How to relate qualitative and quantitative terms?

9. Introduction Digitisation Segmentation

10. Introduction Digitisation

11. Introduction Sub sectioning and change of scale

12. Introduction Extension Size Shape Structure Measurement (of one object)

13. Introduction Arrangement Relation Neighbourhood Measurement (of several objects)

14. Examples of measurements, objects and groups of objects Spatial relationships Measurement

15. Area Perimeter Extension

16. Measurement Shape Growth shape Density, intensity

17. Measurement Extensions Length (skeleton) =1621 px mean thickness =2.27 px

18. Measurement Neighbourhood closing on filaments

19. Measurement Spatial Relationship Delaunay triangulation nearest neighbours minimum spanning tree convex hull Skeleton neighbourhood

20. Measurement Spatial Relationship Example from pathology

21. Measurement Spatial relationship ( objects of different type) Distances to the red phaseDouble marked sludge flocks

22. Measurement Measurement continuum Measurement hierarchy pixelcontent location properties object content location external properties

23. Example Bacterial growth in flow chambers Differentiation of wild and mutant bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa by CLSM imaging

24. Example Wild (PA) and mutant (MW) bacteria Growth over time (slice # = depth)

25. Example Substrate coverage (closing) Wild type bacteriaMutant bacteria

26. Example Comparison of bacterial growth ( substrate area distribution, growth patterns ) mutant wild type

27. Example Bacterial growth in flow chambers Conjugative genetic transfer in bacterial biofilm

28. Example Quantification of colonies of micro colonial fungi from sub aerial biofilms coniosporium sp. and sarcinomyces sp. under soil (b), sand (s) coverage and in air (l)

29. Example Colonies of micro colonial fungi

30. Example Colonies of micro colonial fungi

31. Conclusion Perception, description and measurement of objects and object groups in images Exclusions (e.g. texture, filtering, fractals, etc.) Faith and (apparent) truth