1. A Global Conflict
Chapter 29 Section 2-3

2. Who was Involved? Central Powers: Germany and Austria-Hungary
Allies: France, Serbia, Great Britain, and US (later).

3. War in the West
Stalemate along the Western Front – border between France and Germany
Stuck in trench warfare
Schlieffen Plan – Germany’s plan to attack and defeat Russia first, then attack France.
Goal was to avoid fighting a war on two fronts.

5. Africa and Asia
Allied forces attack German colonies in Africa and Asia.
British and French recruit troops and workers from their colonies in Africa and Asia.
Volunteers hoped to service would lead to independence of their country.

6. Germany and the US
Unrestricted warfare – German submarines would sink any ship without warning in British waters.
Goal: to stop war related supplies from reach Britain.
Results in the sinking of several American ships
Sinking of the Lusitania – 128 Americans killed.

8. Zimmerman Note
Germany offers to help Mexico “reconquer” land it lost to the US if Mexico becomes allies with Germany.
Intercepted by the US
Pushed the US to declare war on Germany
US had more economic ties with Great Britain
Also share common ancestor, institutions, and language

9. Government’s Role in the War
Became a total war – countries devoted all their resources to the war effort.
Government take control of the economy
make sure war-related goods were made.
Use ration system – people allowed to buy small amounts of goods in short supply.
Promotion of Propaganda – one-sided information designed to persuade and maintain support for the war.

10. Role of Women Replaced men in factories, offices, and shops.
Built tanks and munitions, plowed fields, and served as nurses.
Helped to keep soldiers supplies with food, clothing, and weapons
Showed women were capable of filling men’s jobs.

11. Russia Withdraws from the War
1917- Civil unrest in Russia forces czar to step down from throne
Communists soon take control of Russia’s government
Russia signs treaty with Germany in March 1918, pulls out of war
Germany able to move most forces to Western Front

12. End of WWI Second Battle of the Marne – defeat Germany
American troops help stop the German advance and lead counterattack
Rebellion in Austria-Hungary and Germany
armistice— end of fighting—signed in November 1918

13. Legacy of the War 8.5 million soldiers dead, 21 million wounded
devastates European economies, drains national treasuries
Destruction of land and cities.
Survivors suffer disillusionment and despair

15. Wilson’s plan for Peace
Wilson proposes Fourteen Points—outline for lasting world peace
Calls for free trade, end to secret alliances, military buildups
Promotes self-determination—right of people to govern own nation
Envisions international peace-keeping body to settle world disputes

16. Treaty of Versailles
Creates League of Nations—international organization to keep peace
Germans blamed for war
forces Germany to pay damages to nations
Germany loses all of its colonies.
New nations created from land lost by Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.

19. Results of the Treaty of Versailles
Germans angry after taking blame for war
Many Americans oppose League of Nations
Want peace by staying out of European affairs.
Some former colonies express anger over not winning independence
Fought in the war to prove they should be independent

20. Review What caused the US to get involved in WWI?
What were three effects of the war?
What were three effects of the Treaty of Versailles?