1. IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN: 21-11-0052-00-srho Title: Introduction of IEEE 802.16 PPC Hierarchical Networks Date Submitted: March 16, 2011 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #43 in Singapore Authors or Source(s): Hyunho Park, Junghoon Jee, Changmin Park Abstract: Introduction of IEEE 802.16 PPC Hierarchical Networks 1 21-11-0052-00-srho

2. IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE ’ s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE ’ s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21. The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as stated in Section 6 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board bylaws and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/faq.pdf> Section 6 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board bylawshttp://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sect6-7.html#6http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/faq.pdf 21-11-0052-00-srho 2

3. Introduction Problems – Explosive growth in mobile data demand Studies by Cisco suggest 66x growth in mobile internet traffic, from 2008-2013 – Flattering revenues for network operators From voice centric (“minutes of use”) to data centric (“flat-rate”) Hierarchical Networks (HN) for the solution – Single RAT HN – Multi-RAT HN Benefits of Hierarchical Networks – Cost/bit capacity enhancements – Client QoS, Coverage etc. are enhanced 3 21-11-0052-00-srho

4. Single RAT HN Multi-tier Networks – Increases areal capacity (bps/Hz/square meters) Client Tier – Reduces power consumption and interference to a neighbor cell 4 In-band Client cooperation (In-band CC) 21-11-0052-00-srho

5. Multi-RAT HN Virtual Carrier – A Multi-RAT device can communicate IEEE 802.16 BS through IEEE 802.11 AP Multi-RAT CC (Client Cooperation) – Enhanced Tethering 5 21-11-0052-00-srho

6. Technical Requirements for the HN Enhanced coordination between devices, between cells in the same tier and multi-tiers Enhanced interference mitigation Enhanced spectrum utilization Seamless mobility of connection flows among Multi- RATs – E.g. selective data offloading, handover Enhanced interworking with other RAT – E.g. IEEE 802.11 AP ↔ IEEE802.16 BS Collaboration between Multi-RAT devices 6 21-11-0052-00-srho

7. BS-AP Interworking Example of interworking IEEE 802.16 BS and IEEE 802.11 AP 7 IEEE 802.16BS and an IEEE 802.11 AP interaction – IEEE 802.16 BS manages or coordinates the IEEE 802.11 APs under its coverage. – Can provide low- access latency and enhanced networking 21-11-0052-00-srho

8. Multi-RAT HN Architecture AMS: Advanced Mobile Station ABS: Advanced Base Station 8 Virtual carrier & BS-AP interworking Multi-RAT CC 21-11-0052-00-srho

9. Discussion 9 21-11-0052-00-srho

10. Reference C80216ppc-11_0007r3.doc, Updated text on Study Report proposed by the Ad-hoc, Inuk Jung 21-11-0052-00-srho10