1. Caesar’s English II Lesson XI

2. GRAT (PLEASING) GRATIFICATION, INGRATIATE, GRATUITOUS
GRAT means pleasing.
Gratification is when you are pleased; to ingratiate yourself with someone means trying to please him and win him over; and a gratuitous assumption is unfounded; it is one that might please you, but it has no good reason or evidence, so it is pleasing, but probably false!
Spanish…gratificación

3. curr (run) current, recur, incur
CURR means run.
A current runs in a stream; something recurs when it happens again, like a rerun; and to incur costs means to run into them!
Spanish…incurrir

4. trans (across) transfer, transfusion, transcendent
TRANS means across.
To transfer means to move things across from here to there; a transfusion moves blood across from a person or bottle to another person; and transcendent things are superior--they cross beyond anything previously done.
Spanish…transcendente

5. migr (wander) migrate, migratory, transmigration
MIGR means wander.
To migrate is to wander or move to a new place; migratory birds fly south for the winter, as though they were wandering through the skies; and the transmigration of souls is the idea that souls wander to a new being at death!
Spanish…transmigración

6. rupt (break) abrupt, corrupt, disrupt
RUPT means break.
An abrupt change is a sharp break in an event; a corrupt official has broken morals; and to disrupt an event is to break it up!
Spanish…abrupto

7. Advanced Word: Gratuitous
The adjective gratuitous means unfounded or unmerited. It might be pleasing to you, but it is not necessary or based on evidence. In Thomas Hardy’s 1886 novel The Mayor of Casterbridge, he wrote that “A gratuitous ordeal was in store for her in the matter of her handwriting.” Henry David Thoreau used gratuitous in his 1854 Walden, to say that we should care for our neighbor: “We should feed and clothe him gratuitously sometimes.”

8. Caesar’s English II Lesson XI
Stem meaning Example
GRAT PLEASING gratitude
CURR RUN current
TRANS ACROSS transfer
MIGR WANDER migrate
RUPT BREAK interrupt

9. Toady : Ingratiate ::
current : event
corrupt : crime
transfuse : blood
bird : migrate

10. Toady : Ingratiate ::
current : event
corrupt : crime
transfuse : blood
bird : migrate

11. Transfer : Goods ::
hunger : gratify
corrupt : money
transfuse : blood
costs : incur

12. Transfer : Goods ::
hunger : gratify
corrupt : money
transfuse : blood
costs : incur

13. Find the best opposite.
INCUR
avoid
recur
current
transfer

14. INCUR
avoid
recur
current
transfer

15. GRATUITOUS
transcendent
justified
corrupt
disrupted

16. GRATUITOUS
transcendent
justified
corrupt
disrupted

17. Caesar believed that his military abilities were ___________.
ambuscaded
current
transcendent
disrupted

18. Caesar believed that his military abilities were ___________.
ambuscaded
current
transcendent
disrupted

19. The senators believed that Caesar’s decision was merely __________.
recurring
omniscient
migratory
gratuitous

20. The senators believed that Caesar’s decision was merely __________.
recurring
omniscient
migratory
gratuitous

21. Barbarian uprisings ____________ in Gaul throughout the decade.
recurred
transfused
transmigrated
reiterated

22. Barbarian uprisings ____________ in Gaul throughout the decade.
recurred
transfused
transmigrated
reiterated

23. The Grammar of Vocabulary: gratuitous, an adjective.
Cicero delivered a diatribe of gratuitous insults.
________________________________________

24. Caesar’s Classic Words Challenge
From Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield
This was entirely a __________ assumption.
recurrent
corrupt
gratuitous
transcendent

25. From Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield
This was entirely a __________ assumption.
recurrent
corrupt
gratuitous
transcendent

26. From James Hilton’s Lost Horizon
Shangri-La was interesting enough to _________ these attitudes.
disrupt
incur
transmigrate
transcend

27. From James Hilton’s Lost Horizon
Shangri-La was interesting enough to _________ these attitudes.
disrupt
incur
transmigrate
transcend

28. From Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim
He kept on trying to __________ himself with all.
ingratiate
transfer
disrupt
migrate

29. From Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim
He kept on trying to __________ himself with all.
ingratiate
transfer
disrupt
migrate